Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, ON, Canada.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Mar 18;106(11):110505. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.110505. Epub 2011 Mar 14.
We present and experimentally demonstrate a communication protocol that employs shared entanglement to reduce errors when sending a bit over a particular noisy classical channel. Specifically, it is shown that given a single use of this channel, one can transmit a bit with higher success probability when the sender and receiver share entanglement compared to the best possible strategy when they do not. The experiment is realized using polarization-entangled photon pairs, whose quantum correlations play a critical role in both the encoding and decoding of the classical message. Experimentally, we find that a bit can be successfully transmitted with probability 0.891±0.002, which is close to the theoretical maximum of (2+2(-1/2))/3≈0.902 and is significantly above the optimal classical strategy, which yields 5/6≈0.833.
我们提出并实验演示了一种通信协议，该协议利用共享纠缠来减少在特定嘈杂经典信道上发送位时的错误。具体来说，我们表明，在单次使用该信道的情况下，与发送方和接收方不共享纠缠时的最佳可能策略相比，当他们共享纠缠时，发送方可以以更高的成功概率传输位。该实验使用偏振纠缠光子对来实现，其量子相关性在经典消息的编码和解码中都起着关键作用。实验上，我们发现可以以 0.891±0.002 的概率成功传输位，这接近（2+2(-1/2))/3≈0.902 的理论最大值，并且明显高于最优经典策略 5/6≈0.833。
