National Center for Policy Analysis, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Apr;30(4):590-5. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2010.1256.
Adverse medical events-medical interventions that cause harm or injury to a patient separate from the underlying medical condition-are unfortunately an all-too-frequent occurrence in US hospitals. They may cause as many as 187,000 deaths in hospitals each year, and 6.1 million injuries, both in and out of hospitals. We estimate the annual social cost of these adverse medical events based on what people are willing to pay to avoid such risks in non-health care settings. That social cost ranges from $393 billion to $958 billion, amounts equivalent to 18 percent and 45 percent of total US health care spending in 2006. A possible solution: Patients offered voluntary, no-fault insurance prior to treatment or surgery would be compensated if they suffered an adverse event-regardless of the cause of their misfortune-and providers would have economic incentives to reduce the number of such events.
不良医疗事件——即医疗干预措施给患者造成了伤害或损伤，且与基础疾病无关——在美国医院中不幸时有发生。这些事件每年可能导致多达 18.7 万名患者在医院死亡，以及 610 万名患者在医院内外受伤。我们根据人们在非医疗环境中为避免此类风险愿意支付的费用来估算这些不良医疗事件的年度社会成本。这一社会成本范围在 3930 亿至 9580 亿美元之间，相当于 2006 年美国医疗保健总支出的 18%至 45%。一个可能的解决方案是：在治疗或手术前为患者提供自愿的、无过错保险，如果他们遭受了不良事件（无论其不幸的原因是什么），患者将得到赔偿，而提供者则会有经济激励来减少此类事件的发生。
