Matsuno Kenjiro, Ueta Hisashi, Shu Zhou, Xue-Dong Xu, Sawanobori Yasushi, Kitazawa Yusuke, Bin Yu, Yamashita Masaki, Shi Changde
Department of Anatomy (Marco), Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
Arch Histol Cytol. 2010;73(1):1-21. doi: 10.1679/aohc.73.1.
Immune cell trafficking in the secondary lymphoid organs is crucial for an effective immune response. Recirculating T cells constantly patrol not only secondary lymphoid organs but also the whole peripheral organs. Thoracic duct lymphocytes represent an ideal cell source for analyzing T cell trafficking: high endothelial venules (HEVs) allow recirculating lymphocytes to transmigrate from the blood directly, and recirculating T cells form a cluster with dendritic cells (DCs) to survey antigen invasions even in a steady state. This cluster becomes an actual site for the antigen presentation when DCs have captured antigens. On activation, effector and memory T cells differentiate into several subsets that have different trafficking molecules and patterns. DCs also migrate actively in a manner depending upon their maturational stages. Danger signals induce the recruitment of several DC precursor subsets with different trafficking patterns and functions. In this review, we describe general and specialized structures of the secondary lymphoid organs for the trafficking of T cells and DCs by a multicolor immunoenzyme staining technique. The lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer's patches of rats were selected as the major representatives. In vivo trafficking of subsets of T cells and DCs within these organs under steady or emergency states are shown and discussed, and unsolved questions and future prospects are also considered.
免疫细胞在次级淋巴器官中的转运对于有效的免疫反应至关重要。循环T细胞不仅持续巡逻次级淋巴器官，还包括整个外周器官。胸导管淋巴细胞是分析T细胞转运的理想细胞来源：高内皮微静脉（HEV）允许循环淋巴细胞直接从血液中迁移，并且即使在稳态下，循环T细胞也会与树突状细胞（DC）形成簇以监测抗原入侵。当DC捕获抗原时，这个簇就成为抗原呈递的实际场所。激活后，效应T细胞和记忆T细胞分化为具有不同转运分子和模式的几个亚群。DC也根据其成熟阶段以特定方式积极迁移。危险信号诱导募集具有不同转运模式和功能的几个DC前体亚群。在本综述中，我们通过多色免疫酶染色技术描述了次级淋巴器官中T细胞和DC转运的一般和特殊结构。选择大鼠的淋巴结、脾脏和派尔集合淋巴结作为主要代表。展示并讨论了在稳态或紧急状态下这些器官内T细胞和DC亚群的体内转运情况，还考虑了未解决的问题和未来前景。
