Clancy John, McVicar Andrew, Hubbard Julia
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of East Anglia.
Br J Nurs. 2011;20(6):373-82. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2011.20.6.373.
The role of health practitioners in attempting to reverse homeostatic imbalances essentially makes them external agents of homeostatic control-they are replacing the assessment, controlling and effector mechanisms that operate during health (homeostasis), but have failed in ill-health (homeostatic imbalances). Myocardial infarction (MI) is the homeostatic imbalance examined in this article, which aims to apply the analogy between the components of homeostatic theory and the components of the nursing process (Clancy and McVicar, 2011b) to the condition. After reading the article, nurses should be able to understand that: the components of homeostasis are associated with health, and the failure of one or more of these components results in illness; illness arises from a cellular, hence chemical, homeostatic imbalance(s); MI results from a cellular imbalance leading to a restriction in blood flow to the myocardium, and is identified by signs and symptoms (i.e. other homeostatic imbalances) related to the ischaemia; when caring for people with MI, coronary care nurses are acting as external agents of homeostatic control.
健康从业者试图扭转体内平衡失调的作用，实际上使他们成为体内平衡控制的外部因素——他们正在取代健康状态（体内平衡）时发挥作用，但在疾病状态（体内平衡失调）时失效的评估、控制和效应机制。心肌梗死（MI）是本文所探讨的体内平衡失调情况，旨在将体内平衡理论的组成部分与护理程序的组成部分（克兰西和麦克维卡，2011b）之间的类比应用于这种病症。阅读本文后，护士应能够理解：体内平衡的组成部分与健康相关，其中一个或多个组成部分的失效会导致疾病；疾病源于细胞层面，进而化学层面的体内平衡失调；心肌梗死是由细胞失衡导致心肌血流受限引起的，并通过与缺血相关的体征和症状（即其他体内平衡失调）来识别；在护理心肌梗死患者时，冠心病护理护士充当着体内平衡控制的外部因素。
