Rodríguez Clara A, Chamizo V D, Mackintosh N J
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior (IR3C), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
Learn Behav. 2011 Dec;39(4):324-35. doi: 10.3758/s13420-011-0027-5.
Rats were trained in a triangular-shaped pool to find a hidden platform that maintained a constant relationship with two sources of information, an individual landmark and one part of the pool with a distinctive shape. In Experiment 1, shape learning overshadowed landmark learning but landmark learning did not overshadow shape learning in males, while landmark learning overshadowed shape learning but shape learning did not overshadow landmark learning in females. In Experiment 2, rats were pretrained either with the single landmark relevant or with the shape relevant, in the absence of the alternative cue. Final test trials, without the platform, revealed reciprocal blocking only in females; in males, shape learning blocked landmark learning, but not viceversa (Experiment 2a). In Experiment 2b, male rats received a longer pretraining with the single landmark relevant, and now landmark learning blocked shape learning. The results thus confirm the claim that males and females partially use different types of spatial information when solving spatial tasks. These results also agree with the suggestion that shape learning interacts with landmark learning in much the same way as does learning about any pair of stimuli in a Pavlovian conditioning experiment.
将大鼠置于一个三角形水池中进行训练，以找到一个隐藏平台，该平台与两个信息源保持恒定关系，一个是单独的地标，另一个是水池中具有独特形状的一部分。在实验1中，形状学习掩盖了地标学习，但在雄性大鼠中地标学习并未掩盖形状学习，而在雌性大鼠中地标学习掩盖了形状学习，但形状学习并未掩盖地标学习。在实验2中，在没有替代线索的情况下，大鼠要么接受与单个地标相关的预训练，要么接受与形状相关的预训练。最后的测试试验中，没有平台，结果显示只有雌性出现了相互阻塞现象；在雄性大鼠中，形状学习阻碍了地标学习，但反之则不然（实验2a）。在实验2b中，雄性大鼠接受了更长时间的与单个地标相关的预训练，现在地标学习阻碍了形状学习。因此，结果证实了这样的观点，即雄性和雌性在解决空间任务时部分使用不同类型的空间信息。这些结果也与以下观点一致，即形状学习与地标学习的相互作用方式与经典条件反射实验中任意一对刺激的学习方式大致相同。
