Division of Water Quality Management, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Pest Manag Sci. 2011 May;67(5):586-98. doi: 10.1002/ps.2114. Epub 2011 Feb 28.
The objective of this study was to investigate spray drift from a conventional field sprayer as influenced by meteorological and technical factors, and to provide spray operators with data on which to base sound judgements when applying pesticides. The study was conducted in grazing fields and cereal crops.
Interpreting the results from 15 field trials under varying meteorological conditions using different boom heights and driving speeds indicates that, during normal spraying conditions, the most decisive factors influencing the total spray drift (TSD) will be boom height and wind speed, followed by air temperature, driving speed and vapour pressure deficit. One important finding was that TSD (within the encompassed range of meteorological conditions and a boom height of 0.4 m) could be expressed as a simple function of the fraction of droplets ≤ 100 µm. In cereal crops: TSD = 0.36 + 0.11× [fr. (d ≤ 100 µm)] and in grazing fields, TSD = 1.02 + 0.10× [fr. (d ≤ 100 µm)]. In most cases a fraction of the airborne drift passed over the 6 m sampling mast located 5 m downwind of the spray swath.
Under specified conditions, the present results indicate a simple relation between the total spray drift and volume fractions of droplets ≤ 100 µm. Given the nozzle type, it was concluded that the most decisive factors determining TSD are wind speed and boom height. Evaluating the relative importance of the meteorological and technical factors contributes to increasing knowledge in this field of research.
本研究旨在探讨常规田间喷雾器的喷雾飘移情况，分析气象和技术因素的影响，为农药施药操作人员提供基于实际情况进行合理判断的数据支持。该研究在放牧地和谷物作物上进行。
根据不同天气条件、不同喷杆高度和行驶速度下进行的 15 次田间试验结果进行解读，表明在正常喷雾条件下，影响总喷雾飘移（TSD）的最关键因素将是喷杆高度和风速，其次是空气温度、行驶速度和蒸气压亏缺。一个重要发现是，TSD（在气象条件和 0.4 米喷杆高度的涵盖范围内）可以用小于 100 µm 的液滴分数的简单函数表示。在谷物作物中：TSD = 0.36 + 0.11×[fr.（d ≤ 100 µm）]，在放牧地中，TSD = 1.02 + 0.10×[fr.（d ≤ 100 µm）]。在大多数情况下，空气中飘移的一部分超过了位于喷雾幅宽下风 5 米处的 6 米采样桅杆。
在特定条件下，总喷雾飘移与小于 100 µm 的液滴体积分数之间存在简单关系。根据喷嘴类型，可以得出决定 TSD 的最关键因素是风速和喷杆高度。评估气象和技术因素的相对重要性有助于增加该研究领域的知识。
