Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia.
N Biotechnol. 2011 Sep;28(5):518-29. doi: 10.1016/j.nbt.2011.03.021. Epub 2011 Apr 5.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become one of the largest classes of new therapeutic agents approved for use in oncology, and have revolutionised the treatment of many human malignancies. Clinically useful mAbs can function through several different mechanisms, including inhibition of tumour-related signalling, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, enhancing host immune response against cancer and targeted delivery of payloads (such as toxins, cytotoxic agents or radioisotopes) to the tumour site. The increasing knowledge of key molecules and cellular pathways involved in tumour induction and progression has led to a rise in the proportion of therapeutic mAbs entering clinical trials. These mAbs consist of various conventional or recombinant, murine, humanised, chimeric or fully human and fusion constructs. In this review, we provide an overview of mAbs approved for use in clinical oncology and those currently in clinical development. We also discuss the mechanisms of action of anti-cancer mAbs, as well as the antigen targets recognised by these antibodies.
单克隆抗体 (mAbs) 已成为肿瘤学领域批准使用的最大一类新型治疗药物之一，并彻底改变了许多人类恶性肿瘤的治疗方法。临床上有用的 mAbs 可以通过几种不同的机制发挥作用，包括抑制肿瘤相关信号、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成、增强宿主对癌症的免疫反应以及将有效载荷（如毒素、细胞毒性剂或放射性同位素）靶向递送至肿瘤部位。对肿瘤诱导和进展中涉及的关键分子和细胞途径的认识不断增加，导致进入临床试验的治疗性 mAbs 比例增加。这些 mAbs 包括各种常规或重组的、鼠源的、人源化的、嵌合的或全人源的和融合构建体。在这篇综述中，我们概述了已批准用于临床肿瘤学的 mAbs 以及目前正在临床开发中的 mAbs。我们还讨论了抗癌 mAbs 的作用机制，以及这些抗体识别的抗原靶点。
