Copeland Kyle, Friedberg Wallace, Sato Tatsuhiko, Niita Koji
Federal Aviation Administration, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, 6500 S. MacArthur Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73169, USA.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2012 Feb;148(3):344-51. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncr035. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
Secondary radiation in aircraft and spacecraft includes deuterons, tritons and helions. Two sets of fluence-to-effective dose conversion coefficients for isotropic exposure to these particles were compared: one used the particle and heavy ion transport code system (PHITS) radiation transport code coupled with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference phantoms (PHITS-ICRP) and the other the Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) radiation transport code coupled with modified BodyBuilder™ phantoms (MCNPX-BB). Also, two sets of fluence-to-effective dose equivalent conversion coefficients calculated using the PHITS-ICRP combination were compared: one used quality factors based on linear energy transfer; the other used quality factors based on lineal energy (y). Finally, PHITS-ICRP effective dose coefficients were compared with PHITS-ICRP effective dose equivalent coefficients. The PHITS-ICRP and MCNPX-BB effective dose coefficients were similar, except at high energies, where MCNPX-BB coefficients were higher. For helions, at most energies effective dose coefficients were much greater than effective dose equivalent coefficients. For deuterons and tritons, coefficients were similar when their radiation weighting factor was set to 2.
飞机和航天器中的次级辐射包括氘核、氚核和氦核。比较了两组用于这些粒子各向同性照射的注量-有效剂量转换系数：一组使用粒子与重离子输运代码系统（PHITS）辐射输运代码与国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）参考体模相结合（PHITS-ICRP），另一组使用蒙特卡罗N粒子扩展（MCNPX）辐射输运代码与改良的BodyBuilder™体模相结合（MCNPX-BB）。此外，还比较了使用PHITS-ICRP组合计算的两组注量-有效剂量当量转换系数：一组使用基于线能量转移的品质因数；另一组使用基于线能量（y）的品质因数。最后，比较了PHITS-ICRP有效剂量系数与PHITS-ICRP有效剂量当量系数。PHITS-ICRP和MCNPX-BB有效剂量系数相似，但在高能量时除外，此时MCNPX-BB系数更高。对于氦核在大多数能量下，有效剂量系数远大于有效剂量当量系数。对于氘核和氚核，当它们的辐射权重因子设置为2时，系数相似。
