Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2011 Apr;129(4):2253-62. doi: 10.1121/1.3552874.
While vocal fold adduction is an important parameter in speech, relatively little has been known on the adjustment of the vocal fold adduction in singing. This study investigates the possibility of separate adjustments of cartilaginous and membranous vocal fold adduction in singing. Six female and seven male subjects, singers and non-singers, were asked to imitate an instructor in producing four phonation types: "aBducted falsetto" (FaB), "aDducted falsetto" (FaD), "aBducted Chest" (CaB), and "aDducted Chest" (CaD). The phonations were evaluated using videostroboscopy, videokymography (VKG), electroglottography (EGG), and audio recordings. All the subjects showed less posterior (cartilaginous) vocal fold adduction in phonation types FaB and CaB than in FaD and CaD, and less membranous vocal fold adduction (smaller closed quotient) in FaB and FaD than in CaB and CaD. The findings indicate that the exercises enabled the singers to separately manipulate (a) cartilaginous adduction and (b) membranous medialization of the glottis though vocal fold bulging. Membranous adduction (monitored via videokymographic closed quotient) was influenced by both membranous medialization and cartilaginous adduction. Individual control over these types of vocal fold adjustments allows singers to create different vocal timbres.
在语音中，声带内收是一个重要的参数，但对于歌唱中声带内收的调整相对知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨在歌唱中是否可以分别调整软骨性和膜性声带内收。六位女性和七位男性受试者，包括歌手和非歌手，被要求模仿一位指导者发出四种发音类型：“外展假声”（FaB）、“内收假声”（FaD）、“外展胸声”（CaB）和“内收胸声”（CaD）。使用频闪喉镜、视频声门图（VKG）、电声门图（EGG）和音频记录评估发音。所有受试者在 FaB 和 CaB 发音类型中表现出较后的（软骨性）声带内收（较小的闭合比），在 FaB 和 FaD 发音类型中表现出较薄的膜性声带内收（较小的闭合比）。这些发现表明，这些练习使歌手能够通过声带膨隆分别（a）控制软骨性内收和（b）膜性内收。膜性内收（通过视频声门图闭合比监测）受到膜性内收和软骨性内收的共同影响。对这些类型的声带调整的个体控制使歌手能够创造不同的嗓音音色。
