UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158-9001, USA.
J Surg Oncol. 2011 May 1;103(6):464-7. doi: 10.1002/jso.21749.
Tumor cells contain multiple mutations, yet they often depend on continued expressed of a single oncoprotein for survival. Targeting these proteins has led to dramatic responses. Unfortunately, patients usually progress, through drug resistance or adaptive resistance through reprogramming of signaling networks. The Ras-MAPK pathway provides examples of these successes and failures, and has revealed unexpected degrees of oncogene addiction and signaling complexity that are likely to be useful lessons for the future of targeted therapy.
肿瘤细胞包含多种突变，但它们通常依赖于单一癌蛋白的持续表达来存活。针对这些蛋白的治疗已取得显著疗效。然而，患者通常会因耐药性或通过信号网络的重新编程而产生适应性耐药，从而导致疾病进展。Ras-MAPK 通路为这些成功和失败提供了范例，它揭示了致癌基因成瘾和信号复杂性的出人意料的程度，这些可能是未来靶向治疗的有用经验。
