Université Bordeaux 1, UMR 5199-PACEA, Anthropologie des Populations Passées et Présentes, Talence, France.
Forensic Sci Int. 2011 May 20;208(1-3):180.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.011. Epub 2011 Apr 8.
Identification in forensic anthropology and the definition of a biological profile in bioarchaeology are essential to each of those fields and use the same methodologies. Sex, age, stature and ancestry can be conclusive or dispensable, depending on the field. The Fordisc(®) 3.0 computer program was developed to aid in the identification of the sex, stature and ancestry of skeletal remains by exploiting the Forensic Data Bank (FDB) and computing discriminant function analyses (DFAs). Although widely used, this tool has been recently criticised, principally when used to determine ancestry. Two sub-samples of individuals of known sex were drawn from French (n=50) and Thai (n=91) osteological collections and used to assess the reliability of sex determination using Fordisc(®) 3.0 with 12 cranial measurements. Comparisons were made using the whole FDB as well as using select groups, taking into account the posterior and typicality probabilities. The results of Fordisc(®) 3.0 vary between 52.2% and 77.8% depending on the options and groups selected. Tests of published discriminant functions and the computation of specific DFA were performed in order to discuss the applicability of this software and, overall, to question the pertinence of the use of DFA and linear distances in sex determination, in light of the huge cranial morphological variability.
法医学人类学中的鉴定和生物考古学中的生物特征定义对于这两个领域都是至关重要的，它们都使用相同的方法。性别、年龄、身高和种族可以是决定性的，也可以是可有可无的，这取决于具体的领域。Fordisc(®) 3.0 计算机程序是为了通过利用法医数据库 (FDB) 和计算判别函数分析 (DFAs) 来辅助鉴定骨骼遗骸的性别、身高和种族而开发的。尽管这个工具被广泛使用，但最近也受到了批评，主要是在用于确定种族时。从法国（n=50）和泰国（n=91）骨骼收藏中抽取了两个已知性别的个体亚样本，并使用 12 个头骨测量值来评估使用 Fordisc(®) 3.0 进行性别鉴定的可靠性。使用整个 FDB 以及选择的组进行了比较，同时考虑了后验概率和典型性概率。Fordisc(®) 3.0 的结果因所选选项和组的不同而在 52.2%到 77.8%之间变化。为了讨论该软件的适用性，还对已发表的判别函数进行了测试，并计算了特定的 DFA，总的来说，根据巨大的颅面形态变异性，对使用 DFAs 和线性距离进行性别鉴定的相关性提出了质疑。
