Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2011 Jun;24(3):268-74. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328346be6f.
This review describes the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, course, and therapy of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), the most fatal viral encephalitis, in which prognosis is dependent on early diagnosis and effective therapy.
Herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are human neurotropic viruses that establish latent infection in dorsal-root ganglia for the entire life of the host. From this reservoir, they can reactivate to cause human morbidity and mortality. HSE is one of the most devastating disorders caused by these viruses. The biology of their ability to establish latency, maintain it for the entire life of the host, reactivate, and cause primary and recurrent disease is being studied in animal models and in humans. Of special interest is the question whether HSE is the result of primary infection or is it the outcome of reactivation. The present review covers the biological, medical, and neurological aspects of HSE, focusing among others on recent molecular findings of gene expression during latent infection of HSV-1.
Despite accumulating knowledge, there are still several issues regarding both pathogenesis and therapy of HSV-1 that currently defy understanding.
本文描述了单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎（HSVE）的发病机制、临床表现、病程和治疗方法，HSVE 是最致命的病毒性脑炎，其预后取决于早期诊断和有效治疗。
单纯疱疹病毒 1 型和 2 型（HSV-1 和 HSV-2）是人类嗜神经病毒，在宿主的整个生命周期中在背根神经节中建立潜伏感染。从这个储库中，它们可以重新激活，导致人类发病和死亡。HSVE 是由这些病毒引起的最具破坏性的疾病之一。它们建立潜伏、维持宿主整个生命周期、重新激活以及导致原发性和复发性疾病的能力的生物学正在动物模型和人类中进行研究。特别感兴趣的是，HSVE 是原发性感染的结果还是重新激活的结果。本综述涵盖了 HSE 的生物学、医学和神经学方面，特别关注 HSV-1 潜伏感染期间基因表达的最新分子发现。
尽管知识不断积累，但关于 HSV-1 的发病机制和治疗仍存在几个问题，目前还无法理解。
