Setor de Audiologia Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(2):293-8. doi: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000200019.
To determine whether neurophysiological auditory brainstem responses to clicks and repeated speech stimuli differ between typically developing children and children with phonological disorders.
Phonological disorders are language impairments resulting from inadequate use of adult phonological language rules and are among the most common speech and language disorders in children (prevalence: 8 - 9%). Our hypothesis is that children with phonological disorders have basic differences in the way that their brains encode acoustic signals at brainstem level when compared to normal counterparts.
We recorded click and speech evoked auditory brainstem responses in 18 typically developing children (control group) and in 18 children who were clinically diagnosed with phonological disorders (research group). The age range of the children was from 7-11 years.
The research group exhibited significantly longer latency responses to click stimuli (waves I, III and V) and speech stimuli (waves V and A) when compared to the control group.
These results suggest that the abnormal encoding of speech sounds may be a biological marker of phonological disorders. However, these results cannot define the biological origins of phonological problems. We also observed that speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses had a higher specificity/sensitivity for identifying phonological disorders than click-evoked auditory brainstem responses.
Early stages of the auditory pathway processing of an acoustic stimulus are not similar in typically developing children and those with phonological disorders. These findings suggest that there are brainstem auditory pathway abnormalities in children with phonological disorders.
确定正常发育儿童与语音障碍儿童对 click 和重复 speech 刺激的神经生理听觉脑干反应是否存在差异。
语音障碍是由于对成人语音语言规则的使用不当而导致的语言障碍，是儿童最常见的言语和语言障碍之一（患病率：8-9%）。我们的假设是，与正常对照组相比，语音障碍儿童在大脑对脑干水平声信号进行编码的方式上存在基本差异。
我们在 18 名正常发育儿童（对照组）和 18 名经临床诊断为语音障碍的儿童（研究组）中记录了 click 和 speech 诱发的听觉脑干反应。儿童的年龄范围为 7-11 岁。
与对照组相比，研究组对 click 刺激（波 I、III 和 V）和 speech 刺激（波 V 和 A）的潜伏期反应明显延长。
这些结果表明，语音异常编码可能是语音障碍的生物学标志物。然而，这些结果并不能确定语音问题的生物学起源。我们还观察到，与 click 诱发的听觉脑干反应相比，speech 诱发的听觉脑干反应在识别语音障碍方面具有更高的特异性/敏感性。
正常发育儿童与语音障碍儿童对声刺激的听觉通路处理的早期阶段并不相似。这些发现表明语音障碍儿童存在脑干听觉通路异常。
