Jarratt J
Department of Anaesthesia, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Anaesth Intensive Care. 2011 Mar;39(2):171-81. doi: 10.1177/0310057X1103900205.
Melatonin is a substance chiefly produced by the pineal gland and has a key role in the sleep-wake cycle. It also has an important antioxidant role. Exogenous melatonin has a short half-life and is available in a range of preparations. Newer analogues targeted for the recently discovered melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors have also been developed. Exogenous melatonin is used as a resynchronisation agent in jet lag and for other sleep disturbances. Perioperatively, melatonin has been used as a premedicant, sedative and analgesic. It decreases paediatric emergence delirium. The antioxidant properties of melatonin are being investigated for use in sepsis and reperfusion injuries. It would appear that patients on melatonin supplements should continue taking them perioperatively because there may be benefits. Melatonin and its analogues will be increasingly encountered in the perioperative setting.
褪黑素是一种主要由松果体产生的物质，在睡眠 - 清醒周期中起关键作用。它还具有重要的抗氧化作用。外源性褪黑素半衰期短，有多种制剂可供使用。针对最近发现的褪黑素MT1和MT2受体开发了更新的类似物。外源性褪黑素用作治疗时差反应和其他睡眠障碍的重新同步剂。在围手术期，褪黑素已被用作术前用药、镇静剂和镇痛药。它可减少小儿苏醒期谵妄。正在研究褪黑素的抗氧化特性在脓毒症和再灌注损伤中的应用。似乎服用褪黑素补充剂的患者在围手术期应继续服用，因为可能有益处。在围手术期环境中，褪黑素及其类似物将会越来越常见。
