监督下的力量训练在妊娠中的安全性和有效性。
Safety and efficacy of supervised strength training adopted in pregnancy.
机构信息
Dept of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
出版信息
J Phys Act Health. 2011 Mar;8(3):309-20. doi: 10.1123/jpah.8.3.309.
OBJECTIVE
Describe safety and efficacy of a supervised, low-to-moderate intensity strength training program adopted during pregnancy among women at increased risk for back pain.
METHODS
32 women adopted strength training twice per week for 12 weeks. Data on musculoskeletal injuries, symptoms, blood pressure, and the absolute external load used for 5 of 6 exercises were obtained during each session. A submaximal lumbar extension endurance exercise test was performed at weeks 5, 10, and 13.
RESULTS
The mean (± SD) exercise session attendance rate was 80.5% (± 11.3%). No musculoskeletal injuries occurred. Potentially adverse symptoms (eg, dizziness) were infrequent (2.1% of sessions). Repeated-measures ANOVA showed large increases in the external load across 12 weeks (all P values < .001) and the percentage increases in external load from weeks 1 to 12 were 36% for leg press, 39% for leg curl, 39% for lat pull down, 41% for lumbar extension and 56% for leg extension. Training was associated with a 14% increase in lumbar endurance. Blood pressure was unchanged following acute exercise sessions and after 12 weeks of exercise training.
CONCLUSION
The adoption of a supervised, low-to-moderate intensity strength training program during pregnancy can be safe and efficacious for pregnant women.
目的
描述在孕期采用监督下的低-中强度力量训练方案对背痛风险增加的女性的安全性和有效性。
方法
32 名女性每周进行两次力量训练，共 12 周。在每次训练中，记录肌肉骨骼损伤、症状、血压以及 6 项运动中的 5 项的绝对外部负荷的数据。在第 5、10 和 13 周进行亚最大腰椎伸展耐力运动测试。
结果
平均（±SD）训练课程出勤率为 80.5%（±11.3%）。没有发生肌肉骨骼损伤。潜在的不良反应症状（如头晕）很少见（占课程的 2.1%）。重复测量方差分析显示，12 周内外部负荷显著增加（所有 P 值均<.001），从第 1 周到第 12 周，外部负荷的百分比增加分别为腿举 36%、腿弯举 39%、下拉 39%、腰椎伸展 41%和腿伸展 56%。训练与腰椎耐力增加 14%有关。急性运动后和 12 周运动训练后血压均无变化。
结论
在孕期采用监督下的低-中强度力量训练方案是安全且有效的，可以应用于孕妇。
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