Sagvolden Terje, Johansen Espen Borgå
Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, NO-0317, Oslo, Norway,
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2012;9:301-15. doi: 10.1007/7854_2011_126.
Showing that an animal is hyperactive is not sufficient for it to be accepted as a model of ADHD. Based on behavioral, genetic, and neurobiological data, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) obtained from Charles River, Germany, (SHR/NCrl) is at present the best-validated animal model of ADHD. One Wistar Kyoto substrain (WKY/NHsd), obtained from Harlan, UK, is its most appropriate control. Another WKY substrain (WKY/NCrl) obtained from Charles River, Germany, is inattentive, has distinctly different genetics and neurobiology, and provides a promising model for the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD (ADHD-I) if one wants to investigate categorical ADHD subtypes. In this case, also, the WKY/NHsd substrain should be used as control. Although other rat strains may behave like WKY/NHsd rats, neurobiological results indicate significant differences when compared to the WKY/NHsd substrain, making them less suitable as controls for the SHR/NCrl. Thus, there are no obvious behavioral differences among the various SHRs, but there are behavioral and neurobiological differences among the WKY strains. The use of WKY/NCrl, outbred Wistar, Sprague Dawley, or other rat strains as controls for SHR/NCrl may produce spurious neurobiological effects and erroneous conclusions. Finally, model data yield support to independent hyperactivity and inattention dimensions in ADHD behavior.
证明一种动物多动并不足以使其被认可为注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的模型。基于行为学、遗传学和神经生物学数据，从德国查尔斯河实验室获得的自发性高血压大鼠（SHR/NCrl）是目前验证最充分的ADHD动物模型。从英国哈兰实验室获得的一种Wistar Kyoto亚系（WKY/NHsd）是其最合适的对照。从德国查尔斯河实验室获得的另一种WKY亚系（WKY/NCrl）注意力不集中，具有明显不同的遗传学和神经生物学特征，如果有人想研究ADHD的主要注意力不集中亚型（ADHD-I），它能提供一个有前景的模型。在这种情况下，同样应使用WKY/NHsd亚系作为对照。尽管其他大鼠品系的行为可能与WKY/NHsd大鼠相似，但神经生物学结果表明，与WKY/NHsd亚系相比存在显著差异，这使得它们不太适合作为SHR/NCrl的对照。因此，不同的SHR之间没有明显行为差异，但WKY品系之间存在行为和神经生物学差异。使用WKY/NCrl、远交系Wistar、Sprague Dawley或其他大鼠品系作为SHR/NCrl的对照可能会产生虚假的神经生物学效应和错误结论。最后，模型数据为ADHD行为中独立的多动和注意力不集中维度提供了支持。
