Department of Psychology, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California, USA.
Psychol Health Med. 2011 May;16(3):249-67. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2010.532560.
Research on adolescents focuses increasingly on features of the family in predicting and preventing illicit substance use. Multivariate analyses of data from the National Survey of Parents and Youth (N=4173) revealed numerous significant differences on risk variables associated with family structure on adolescent drug-related perceptions and substance use. Youth from dual-parent households were least likely to use drugs and were monitored more closely than single-parent youth (p<0.001). A path analytic model estimated to illuminate linkages among theoretically implicated variables revealed that family income and child's gender (p<0.001), along with family structure (p<0.05), affected parental monitoring, but not parental warmth. Monitoring and warmth, in turn, predicted adolescents' social and interpersonal perceptions of drug use (p<0.001), and both variables anticipated adolescents' actual drug use one year later (p<0.001). Results reconfirm the importance of parental monitoring and warmth and demonstrate the link between these variables, adolescents' social and intrapersonal beliefs, and their use of illicit substances.
越来越多的青少年研究关注家庭特征在预测和预防非法药物使用方面的作用。对全国父母和青年调查（N=4173）数据的多元分析揭示了与家庭结构相关的风险变量在青少年与药物相关的认知和物质使用方面存在许多显著差异。来自双亲家庭的青少年最不可能使用毒品，并且比单亲家庭的青少年受到更密切的监督（p<0.001）。一个路径分析模型估计可以阐明理论上涉及的变量之间的联系，结果表明家庭收入和孩子的性别（p<0.001），以及家庭结构（p<0.05），影响父母的监督，但不影响父母的温暖。反过来，监督和温暖又预测了青少年对药物使用的社会和人际关系认知（p<0.001），这两个变量都预测了青少年一年后实际使用毒品（p<0.001）。研究结果再次证实了父母监督和温暖的重要性，并展示了这些变量与青少年的社会和个人信仰以及他们使用非法药物之间的联系。
