Barkmeier-Kraemer Julie, Lato Andrea, Wiley Kay
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Semin Speech Lang. 2011 Feb;32(1):43-57. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1271974. Epub 2011 Apr 13.
Vocal tremor is characterized by involuntary rhythmic modulations of pitch and loudness and is best perceived during sustained phonation of vowels. It is most often present in individuals affected by neurogenic disorders such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular dystrophy, spasmodic dysphonia, and essential tremor. Vocal tremor does not appear to be responsive to systemic pharmaceutical management but may benefit from injection of botulinum toxin (i.e., Botox) into affected musculature. However, many individuals do not tolerate the potential side effects of severe breathiness and difficulty swallowing associated with Botox injections. In this article, we summarize the speech evaluation and treatment methods successfully used with an individual with essential vocal tremor. Methods used for characterizing the individual's vocal tremor patterns and the ensuing rationale for behavioral intervention is provided. The outcomes of this case example motivated consideration of speech treatment as a beneficial strategy for some individuals with vocal tremor.
语音震颤的特点是音高和响度的不自主节律性调制，在元音的持续发声过程中最易察觉。它最常出现在患有神经源性疾病的个体中，如帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、脊髓性肌萎缩症、痉挛性发声障碍和特发性震颤。语音震颤似乎对全身性药物治疗无反应，但向受影响的肌肉组织注射肉毒杆菌毒素（即肉毒素）可能有益。然而，许多人无法耐受与肉毒素注射相关的严重呼吸急促和吞咽困难等潜在副作用。在本文中，我们总结了成功用于一名患有特发性语音震颤患者的言语评估和治疗方法。提供了用于表征个体语音震颤模式的方法以及随后进行行为干预的基本原理。该病例示例的结果促使人们考虑将言语治疗作为一些语音震颤患者的有益策略。
