Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Equine Vet J. 2011 May;43(3):365-71. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00216.x. Epub 2010 Sep 23.
Assessment of arytenoid movement has traditionally been performed using upper airway (UA) endoscopy. However, recent work suggests that laryngeal ultrasonography may provide additional complementary information.
To determine the value of laryngeal ultrasonography for the diagnosis of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy in the horse.
Horses with abnormal arytenoid movement (AM) during treadmill UA endoscopy would have increased echogenicity of the left cricoarytenoideus lateralis muscle (CALM) and smaller left CALM and vocalis size while horses with normal AM during treadmill UA endoscopy would have normal echogenicity of the left CALM and similar left and right CALM and vocalis muscle size. Laryngeal ultrasonography would be more accurate than resting endoscopy at predicting abnormal AM.
Medical records were examined to identify Thoroughbred racehorses aged ≥2 years that had undergone resting and treadmill UA endoscopy and laryngeal ultrasonography. Resting and treadmill AM was graded using accepted scales. The treadmill examination was used as the criterion standard for AM. Laryngeal ultrasonography was performed and the relative echogenicity of the left and right CALM and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the CALM and vocalis muscle determined. Data analysis included Chi-squared tests, paired t tests and one-way ANOVA.
The presence of abnormal AM was associated with relative hyperechogenicity of the CALM while normal AM was not. Laryngeal ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 98% and resting UA endoscopy had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 81% for diagnosis of abnormal AM. CSA of the left CALM and vocalis muscle was not different between groups.
Laryngeal ultrasonography has high accuracy for diagnosing abnormal AM.
Ultrasonography is a valuable addition to the diagnostic evaluation of the equine UA.
评估杓状软骨运动传统上采用上气道（UA）内镜进行。然而，最近的研究表明，喉部超声检查可能提供额外的补充信息。
确定喉部超声检查在诊断马复发性喉神经病中的价值。
在跑步机 UA 内镜检查中，异常杓状软骨运动（AM）的马匹左环杓侧肌（CALM）的回声强度增加，左 CALM 和声带较小，而在跑步机 UA 内镜检查中 AM 正常的马匹左 CALM 的回声强度正常，左、右 CALM 和声带肌肉大小相似。与静止内镜相比，喉部超声检查在预测异常 AM 方面更准确。
检查病历，确定年龄≥2 岁的纯种赛马进行了静止和跑步机 UA 内镜检查和喉部超声检查。使用公认的量表对静止和跑步机 AM 进行分级。跑步机检查被用作 AM 的标准。进行喉部超声检查，确定左、右 CALM 的相对回声强度以及 CALM 和声带肌肉的横截面积（CSA）。数据分析包括卡方检验、配对 t 检验和单向方差分析。
异常 AM 的存在与 CALM 的相对高回声有关，而正常 AM 则没有。喉部超声检查的敏感性为 90%，特异性为 98%，静止 UA 内镜检查的敏感性为 80%，特异性为 81%，用于诊断异常 AM。左 CALM 和声带肌肉的 CSA 在两组之间无差异。
喉部超声检查对诊断异常 AM 具有很高的准确性。
超声检查是评估马 UA 的有价值的补充方法。
