Department of Biochemistry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Aug;8(8):907-11. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2010.0812. Epub 2011 Apr 15.
In 2007, Romania, the largest southeastern European country, reported the highest notification rate of botulism cases in the European Union (0.18 per 100,000 inhabitants), which was 18 times higher than the reported rate in the United States (0.01 per 100,000 inhabitants). This report aims to analyze published and unpublished surveillance data on foodborne botulism in Romania from 1980 to 2009 in the context of political and economical changes that occurred in the former communist countries. The mean annual incidence rate of botulism cases was significantly lower during the late communist period, 1980-1989 (0.06±0.03 cases per 100,000 inhabitants), than during the years 1990-1999 (0.1±0.04 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, p=0.01) and 2000-2009 (0.12±0.04 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, p<0.01). The highest incidence rates were registered in 1998 and 2007 (0.18 cases per 100,000 inhabitants), whereas the lowest incidence rate was registered in 1983 (0.02 cases per 100,000 inhabitants). The disease was usually associated with the consumption of home prepared meat products (mainly raw sausages, smoked-dried meat). Most of the laboratory-confirmed cases tested positive for type B toxin (99%). During 2007-2009, the incidence was particularly high in northwestern and western Romania (0.5 and 0.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively). The fatality rate was 60% before 1995 and decreased to 12.2±8.5% during 1999-2009. The general ascending trend of infection rates throughout the period studied demonstrates the need for the implementation of correct public health and educational measures to fully prevent this severe disease.
2007 年，罗马尼亚——这个东南欧最大的国家，报告了欧盟范围内肉毒中毒病例最高的通报率（0.18 例/每 10 万居民），这一数字是美国报告的（0.01 例/每 10 万居民）的 18 倍。本报告旨在分析 1980 年至 2009 年罗马尼亚在政治和经济变革背景下，食源性肉毒中毒的已有和未发表的监测数据。肉毒中毒病例的年平均发病率在晚期共产主义时期（1980-1989 年）显著较低（0.06±0.03 例/每 10 万居民），而在 1990-1999 年（0.1±0.04 例/每 10 万居民，p=0.01）和 2000-2009 年（0.12±0.04 例/每 100,000 居民，p<0.01）期间较高。发病率最高的年份为 1998 年和 2007 年（0.18 例/每 100,000 居民），而发病率最低的年份为 1983 年（0.02 例/每 100,000 居民）。该疾病通常与食用自制的肉类产品（主要是生香肠、熏干肉）有关。大多数实验室确诊病例的毒素类型为 B 型（99%）阳性。2007 年至 2009 年，西北部和西部罗马尼亚（0.5 和 0.3 例/每 100,000 居民，分别）的发病率特别高。1995 年前死亡率为 60%，1999 年至 2009 年下降至 12.2±8.5%。在整个研究期间，感染率的总体上升趋势表明，需要实施正确的公共卫生和教育措施，以充分预防这种严重疾病。
