Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2011 Jun;10(4):500-8. doi: 10.2174/187152711795563930.
Schwann cells are critically important for tissue repair, axonal regrowth and remyelination following injury to peripheral nerves. The absence of Schwann cells or an equivalent cell type in the central nervous system (CNS) may limit the regeneration capacity of the CNS. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therefore been investigated for their potential to be induced to develop a Schwann cell phenotype. The methods for derivation of Schwann cell-like cells from MSCs and the benefits and limitations of each of these methods are presented in this review. Issues related to instability of the derived Schwann cell phenotype, apoptosis of derived cells in transplants, and the inability to predict with confidence how the cells will behave after transplantation are discussed. Finally, we suggest the need for further elucidation of the biology of Schwann cell differentiation and the signals for their derivation from MSC, in order to resolve these obstacles and to enable transplantation of MSC-derived Schwann cells as a therapeutic strategy in CNS injury.
许旺细胞对于外周神经损伤后的组织修复、轴突再生和髓鞘再生至关重要。中枢神经系统（CNS）中许旺细胞或等效细胞类型的缺失可能限制了 CNS 的再生能力。因此，间充质干细胞（MSCs）已被研究其诱导分化为许旺细胞表型的潜力。本文综述了从 MSCs 中获得许旺细胞样细胞的方法，以及每种方法的优缺点。本文还讨论了与衍生的许旺细胞表型不稳定性、移植中衍生细胞的凋亡以及无法自信地预测细胞移植后行为相关的问题。最后，我们建议需要进一步阐明许旺细胞分化的生物学特性，以及其从 MSC 中分化的信号，以解决这些障碍，并使 MSC 衍生的许旺细胞移植成为 CNS 损伤的治疗策略。
