CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
Vaccine. 2011 Jun 6;29(25):4244-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.065. Epub 2011 Apr 13.
Pertussis has been a preventable disease in Catalonia since 1965, but the annual number of cases remains high. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiology of pertussis in Catalonia and its implications for control purposes.
An epidemiological study was carried out in Catalonia between 2004 and 2008. Pertussis cases reported to the Department of Health were collected and disease reports were filled out with the case information. Incidence rates, rate ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
963 cases were reported: 555 (57.6%) were confirmed and 408 (42.4%) were suspected cases. The reported incidence rate was 2.01 × 10(-5) person years in 2004 and 4.34 in 2008. The biggest increase in cases between 2004 and 2008 was observed in the ≥35 years age group (RR: 6.98; 95%CI: 2.11-36.36). 303 (31.5%) patients were hospitalized, of whom 93.7% were aged <1 year. Clinical differences were observed in paroxysmal cough (83.8% in suspected and 76.4% in confirmed cases, p=0.005), posttussive vomiting (47.1% and 36.1%, respectively, p=0.001), apnoea (13.7% and 21.3%, respectively, p=0.003) and fever (20.1% and 12.4%, respectively, p=0.001).
Pertussis incidence rates increased during the study period, with the greatest increase occurring in the ≥35 years age group. A booster dose of vaccine in young people could reduce the circulation of B. pertussis in adolescents and adults and indirectly reduce the incidence in children.
自 1965 年以来，百日咳在加泰罗尼亚已经是一种可预防的疾病，但每年的病例数量仍然很高。本研究的目的是分析加泰罗尼亚百日咳的流行病学及其对控制目的的影响。
在 2004 年至 2008 年期间，在加泰罗尼亚进行了一项流行病学研究。收集向卫生部报告的百日咳病例，并填写疾病报告以获取病例信息。计算发病率、比率（RR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
报告了 963 例病例：555 例（57.6%）为确诊病例，408 例（42.4%）为疑似病例。2004 年报告发病率为 2.01×10(-5)人年，2008 年为 4.34。2004 年至 2008 年间病例数增加最多的是≥35 岁年龄组（RR：6.98；95%CI：2.11-36.36）。303 例（31.5%）患者住院，其中 93.7%年龄<1 岁。在阵发性咳嗽（疑似病例为 83.8%，确诊病例为 76.4%，p=0.005）、咳嗽后呕吐（分别为 47.1%和 36.1%，p=0.001）、呼吸暂停（分别为 13.7%和 21.3%，p=0.003）和发热（分别为 20.1%和 12.4%，p=0.001）方面观察到临床差异。
在研究期间，百日咳发病率增加，≥35 岁年龄组的发病率增幅最大。在年轻人中接种疫苗加强针可以减少青少年和成年人中百日咳杆菌的传播，并间接降低儿童的发病率。
