Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
J Mol Endocrinol. 2011 Jun 17;47(1):R1-10. doi: 10.1530/JME-11-0022. Print 2011 Aug.
The signalling pathways utilised by insulin receptor (IR) and IGF receptor to transduce their diverse effects on cellular metabolism, growth and survival are well established in broad outline, but many details remain to be elucidated. Tyrosine phosphorylation of IR substrates and Shc initiates signalling via canonical phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and Ras/MAP kinase pathways, which together mediate many of the actions of insulin and IGFs. However, a variety of additional substrates and scaffolds have been described that may play roles in modulating the canonical pathways or in specific biological responses. This review will focus on recent studies that have extended our understanding of insulin/IGF signalling pathways, and the elements that may contribute to specificity.
胰岛素受体 (IR) 和 IGF 受体利用的信号通路在细胞代谢、生长和存活方面传递其多样化的作用已被广泛确立，但仍有许多细节有待阐明。IR 底物和 Shc 的酪氨酸磷酸化通过经典的磷酸肌醇 3-激酶/Akt 和 Ras/MAP 激酶途径起始信号转导，该途径共同介导胰岛素和 IGF 的许多作用。然而，已经描述了多种其他的底物和支架，它们可能在调节经典途径或在特定的生物学反应中发挥作用。这篇综述将重点介绍最近的研究，这些研究扩展了我们对胰岛素/IGF 信号通路的理解，以及可能有助于特异性的因素。
