Division of Infectious Disease, Childrens National Medical Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
Paediatr Drugs. 2011 Jun 1;13(3):175-92. doi: 10.2165/11587300-000000000-00000.
Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been shown to achieve high therapeutic efficacy in treating pediatric HIV disease. The delivery of affordable, child friendly, and easy to store and administer ARV drugs is key to the successful management of HIV in children. In recent years, significant progress has been made in scaling up the access to pediatric ARV therapy among children worldwide. Despite the improved ARV drug access, multiple challenges remain concerning palatability and efficient delivery of ARV drugs to children from infancy into adolescence. Data are limited regarding developmental changes in pharmacokinetics of individual ARV drugs, and pediatric and adult fixed-dose combinations. This review provides a practical discussion regarding the pharmacokinetics of ARV agents in pediatric HIV-infected patients, as well as the practical challenges of currently available formulations, such as palatability of liquid formulations, challenges of crushing tablets, and using adult and pediatric fixed-dose combinations.
抗逆转录病毒（ARV）疗法已被证明在治疗儿科 HIV 疾病方面具有很高的疗效。提供负担得起、适合儿童、易于储存和管理的 ARV 药物是成功管理儿童 HIV 的关键。近年来，在扩大全球儿童获得儿科 ARV 治疗方面取得了重大进展。尽管 ARV 药物的可及性有所提高，但仍存在多个挑战，包括儿童从婴儿期到青春期对 ARV 药物的适口性和有效给药。关于个体 ARV 药物和儿科及成人固定剂量复方制剂的药代动力学的发展变化的数据有限。这篇综述提供了关于儿科 HIV 感染患者中 ARV 药物药代动力学的实际讨论，以及目前可用制剂的实际挑战，例如液体制剂的适口性、片剂压碎的挑战以及使用成人和儿科固定剂量复方制剂。
