University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC6082, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2010 Dec;8(12):1381-402. doi: 10.1586/eri.10.127.
The rate of perinatal HIV transmission has decreased significantly in developed countries. However, worldwide, it remains the main source of HIV infection within the pediatric population. Recent advances as a result of findings from clinical trials, viral resistance testing and the advent of new drugs have increased the options for initial treatment regimens. This article provides an overview of antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive children, including recent pediatric data and updated guidelines from the NIH. It also provides information on new drugs approved for the pediatric age group, dosage information, drug resistance testing and monitoring suggestions for children and adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy. Special issues pertaining to adherence, disclosure and contraception are also highlighted.
围产期 HIV 传播率在发达国家已显著下降。然而，在全球范围内，它仍然是儿科人群中 HIV 感染的主要来源。由于临床试验、病毒耐药性检测和新药的出现而取得的新进展，为初始治疗方案的选择提供了更多的机会。本文概述了初治儿童的抗逆转录病毒治疗，包括来自 NIH 的最新儿科数据和更新的指南。它还提供了有关新批准用于儿科年龄组的药物、剂量信息、耐药性检测以及接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的儿童和青少年的监测建议的信息。还强调了与依从性、披露和避孕相关的特殊问题。
