Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2012 Apr;53(4):351-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02408.x. Epub 2011 Apr 19.
Recently, first evidence has been reported for a gene-parenting interaction (G × E) with regard to adolescent alcohol use. The present investigation set out to extend this research using the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val(158) Met polymorphism as a genetic susceptibility factor. Moreover, the current study examined whether a potential G×E would be consistent with one of two models of gene-environment interplay (genetic vulnerability vs. differential susceptibility).
Data were collected as part of an ongoing epidemiological cohort study following the outcome of early risk factors from birth into adulthood. Two hundred and eighty-five participants (130 males, 155 females) were genotyped for the COMT Val(158) Met polymorphism and were administered an alcohol interview, providing measures of current frequency and amount of drinking at ages 15 and 19 years. Information on three dimensions of perceived parenting behavior was obtained from the 15-year-olds.
Adolescents homozygous for the Met allele showed higher drinking activity at age 19 years when their parents had engaged in less supervision or were less involved, while their drinking activity was reduced under conditions of favorable parenting. No such relationship was found in individuals carrying the Val allele.
The present findings correspond with the pattern of results predicted by the differential susceptibility hypothesis, suggesting that environmental variation would have a greater impact in individuals carrying a genetic susceptibility such that, in this group, exposure to negative environmental conditions would result in more adverse outcomes and the experience of favorable conditions would lead to more positive outcomes.
最近，有研究首次报道了青少年饮酒行为的基因-父母教养相互作用（G×E）。本研究旨在使用儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶（COMT）Val(158)Met 多态性作为遗传易感性因素来扩展这一研究。此外，本研究还检验了潜在的 G×E 是否与两种基因-环境相互作用模型（遗传脆弱性与差异易感性）之一一致。
本研究的数据是通过一项正在进行的流行病学队列研究收集的，该研究从出生到成年追踪早期风险因素的结果。285 名参与者（130 名男性，155 名女性）接受了 COMT Val(158)Met 多态性基因分型，并接受了酒精访谈，在 15 岁和 19 岁时测量了当前的饮酒频率和饮酒量。在 15 岁时，从青少年那里获得了关于父母教养行为三个维度的信息。
携带 Met 等位基因的青少年，如果其父母的监督较少或参与度较低，他们在 19 岁时的饮酒量较高，而在父母教养良好的情况下，他们的饮酒量则较低。而在携带 Val 等位基因的个体中，没有发现这种关系。
本研究结果与差异易感性假说预测的结果模式一致，表明环境变化对携带遗传易感性的个体的影响更大，因此，在这一群体中，暴露于负面环境条件会导致更不利的结果，而体验到有利条件则会导致更积极的结果。
