[Prevalence of nosocomial infections in surgery and orthopedic departments in the Czech Republic].

The paper deals with the results of a prevalence study of nosocomial infections which was conducted in October 1987 in 64 surgical and 29 orthopaedic departments in the CSR selected at random. Epidemiological analysis of 559 nosocomial infections (NI) detected in 4,479 patients of surgical departments (prevalence 12.5%) and analysis of 122 NI in 1603 orthopaedic patients (prevalence 7.6%) was done by age, sex, site of the affected systems, predisposing factors and the etiological agent. Analysis of early infections (from the total number of NI early infections in surgical departments accounted for 67% and in orthopaedic departments for 50%) as tract (surgery) and in traumatological wounds (orthopaedic department). Analysis of the most important predisposing factors (9 of 32) as regards their prevalence in patients with NI revealed that the majority of factors (with the exception of bed sores and multiple injuries in surgical departments) occurs in more than 75% in combinations. Roughly one third of the patients with NI had none of the nine mentioned factors. An overall analysis of the results of the prevalence study of NI in surgical and orthopaedic departments revealed a more favourable position in orthopaedic departments.