Ciccarelli Marina, Straker Leon, Mathiassen Svend Erik, Pollock Clare
School of Occupational Therapy & Social Work, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Work. 2011;38(4):413-27. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2011-1168.
There are concerns that insufficient variation in postural and muscle activity associated with use of modern information and communication technology (ICT) presents a risk for musculoskeletal ill-health among school children. However, scientific knowledge on physical exposure variation in this group is limited. The purpose of this study was to quantify postures and muscle activity of school children using different types of ICT.
Postures of the head, upper back and upper arm, and muscle activity of the right and left upper trapezius and right forearm extensors were measured over 10-12 hours in nine school children using different types of ICT at school and away-from-school. Variation in postures and muscle activity was quantified using two indices, EVA{sd} and APDF₉₀-₁₀.
Paper-based (Old) ICT tasks produced postures that were less neutral but more variable than electronics-based (New ICT) and Non-ICT tasks. Non-ICT tasks involved mean postures similar to New ICT tasks, but with greater variation. Variation of muscle activity was similar between ICT types in the right and left upper trapezius muscles. Non-ICT tasks produced more muscle activity variation in the right forearm extensor group compared to New and Old ICT tasks.
Different ICT tasks produce different degrees of variation in posture and muscle activity. Combining tasks that use different ICT may increase overall exposure variation. More research is needed to determine what degree of postural and muscle activity variation is associated with reduced risk of musculoskeletal ill-health.
人们担心，与使用现代信息通信技术（ICT）相关的姿势和肌肉活动变化不足，会给学龄儿童的肌肉骨骼健康带来不良风险。然而，关于这一群体身体暴露变化的科学知识有限。本研究的目的是量化使用不同类型ICT的学龄儿童的姿势和肌肉活动。
对9名学龄儿童在学校和校外使用不同类型ICT时的头部、上背部和上臂姿势，以及左右上斜方肌和右前臂伸肌的肌肉活动进行了10 - 12小时的测量。使用EVA{sd}和APDF₉₀ - ₁₀这两个指标对姿势和肌肉活动的变化进行量化。
基于纸张的（旧）ICT任务所产生的姿势不如基于电子设备的（新ICT）和非ICT任务中立，但变化更大。非ICT任务涉及的平均姿势与新ICT任务相似，但变化更大。左右上斜方肌中，不同ICT类型之间肌肉活动的变化相似。与新ICT和旧ICT任务相比，非ICT任务在右前臂伸肌组产生的肌肉活动变化更多。
不同的ICT任务在姿势和肌肉活动方面产生不同程度的变化。结合使用不同ICT的任务可能会增加总体暴露变化。需要更多的研究来确定何种程度的姿势和肌肉活动变化与降低肌肉骨骼健康不良风险相关。
