影响英国住院精神健康病房员工士气的因素：一项定性研究。
Factors affecting staff morale on inpatient mental health wards in England: a qualitative investigation.
机构信息
Research Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2011 Apr 21;11:68. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-11-68.
BACKGROUND
Good morale among staff on inpatient psychiatric wards is an important requirement for the maintenance of strong therapeutic alliances and positive patient experiences, and for the successful implementation of initiatives to improve care. More understanding is needed of mechanisms underlying good and poor morale.
METHOD
We conducted individual and group interviews with staff of a full range of disciplines and levels of seniority on seven NHS in-patient wards of varying types in England.
RESULTS
Inpatient staff feel sustained in their potentially stressful roles by mutual loyalty and trust within cohesive ward teams. Clear roles, supportive ward managers and well designed organisational procedures and structures maintain good morale. Perceived threats to good morale include staffing levels that are insufficient for staff to feel safe and able to spend time with patients, the high risk of violence, and lack of voice in the wider organisation.
CONCLUSIONS
Increasing employee voice, designing jobs so as to maximise autonomy within clear and well-structured operational protocols, promoting greater staff-patient contact and improving responses to violence may contribute more to inpatient staff morale than formal support mechanisms.
背景
住院精神病病房工作人员士气良好是维持强大治疗联盟和积极患者体验的重要要求，也是成功实施改善护理举措的重要要求。需要更多地了解良好和不良士气的潜在机制。
方法
我们对英格兰 7 家 NHS 住院病房的各种类型的各个学科和不同资历的工作人员进行了个人和小组访谈。
结果
住院工作人员在凝聚力强的病房团队中相互忠诚和信任，从而在他们潜在的压力角色中保持稳定。明确的角色、支持性的病房经理以及精心设计的组织程序和结构可保持良好的士气。良好士气的感知威胁包括工作人员人数不足以让工作人员感到安全并能够与患者共度时光、高风险的暴力行为以及在更广泛的组织中缺乏发言权。
结论
增加员工的发言权、设计工作以在明确且结构良好的操作协议内最大限度地提高自主性、促进更多的员工与患者接触以及改善对暴力的反应，可能比正式的支持机制更有助于提高住院工作人员的士气。
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