Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Womens Health Issues. 2011 May-Jun;21(3):246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2010.12.004.
Our objective was to estimate lifetime medical expenditures that can be attributed to hypertension, by gender, in the United States, given important gender differences in both survival and medical expenditures.
We estimated lifetime medical expenditures among hypertensive and nonhypertensive men and women aged 20 and older. Expenditures were estimated from the 2001 to 2004 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and life expectancies were estimated from the 1986 to 2002 National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality Files. Assuming that medical technology, the cost of health care services, the incidence of disease, and survival were fixed, the cross-sectional age-specific expenditures and the survival profiles were used to estimate the lifetime expenditures from ages 20 to older than 85.
The estimated lifetime expenditure for an average life table individual at age 20 was $188,300 for hypertensive men and $254,910 for hypertensive women; however, a greater share of lifetime expenditures can be attributed to hypertension among men ($88,033) than among women ($40,960).
Although hypertensive women had greater lifetime expenditures than hypertensive men, hypertension was associated with a greater increase in lifetime expenditures for men than for women. Gender differences in both survival and health care utilization have important implications for gender differences in lifetime medical expenditures.
考虑到生存和医疗支出方面的重要性别差异，我们旨在按性别估计美国高血压患者的终身医疗支出。
我们估计了年龄在 20 岁及以上的高血压和非高血压男性和女性的终身医疗支出。支出是根据 2001 年至 2004 年的医疗支出调查和 1986 年至 2002 年的全国健康访谈调查相关死亡档案估计的。假设医疗技术、医疗服务成本、疾病发生率和生存率保持不变，我们使用横断面特定年龄的支出和生存情况来估计 20 岁以上至 85 岁以上的终身支出。
对于 20 岁平均生命表个体，高血压男性的终身估计支出为 188300 美元，高血压女性为 254910 美元；然而，男性（88033 美元）的终身支出中归因于高血压的比例大于女性（40960 美元）。
尽管高血压女性的终身支出高于高血压男性，但高血压对男性终身支出的增加影响大于女性。生存和医疗保健利用方面的性别差异对终身医疗支出的性别差异具有重要影响。
