Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Am J Med. 2011 May;124(5):453-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.12.007.
The study's objective was to identify the important qualities of outstanding mentors as described by their mentees' letters of nomination for a prestigious lifetime achievement award in mentorship.
The Lifetime Achievement in Mentorship Award at the University of California, San Francisco, recognizes a faculty member who has demonstrated sustained mentoring excellence in the academic health sciences. Recommendation letters in support of the top 10 nominees in 2008 (n=53 letters) were analyzed using grounded theory and constant comparative technique until thematic saturation was achieved.
In 2008, 29 faculty members (of>1000 eligible senior faculty) were nominated. Nominees were 53 to 78 years old, and 30% were women. The nominees represented 4 schools (Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy and Dentistry) and 22 departments/divisions. Five themes emerged from the analysis. Outstanding mentors: 1) exhibit admirable personal qualitites, including enthusiasm, compassion, and selflessness; 2) act as a career guide, offering a vision but purposefully tailoring support to each mentee; 3) make strong time commitments with regular, frequent, and high-quality meetings; 4) support personal/professional balance; and 5) leave a legacy of how to be a good mentor through role modeling and instituting policies that set global expectations and standards for mentorship.
This is the first study to describe the qualities of admired mentors by analyzing nomination letters for a prestigious mentoring award. Our results give new insight into how mentors foster the careers of junior faculty in the academic health sciences. The results can guide academic leaders on how to train and evaluate mentors.
本研究旨在确定杰出导师的重要素质，这些素质是由他们的被指导者提名获得著名终身成就导师奖的推荐信中描述的。
加州大学旧金山分校的终身成就导师奖旨在表彰在学术健康科学领域表现出持续卓越导师能力的教员。2008 年，对排名前 10 位的提名候选人（n=53 封推荐信）的推荐信进行了分析，采用扎根理论和恒定性比较技术，直到达到主题饱和。
2008 年，有 29 名教员（超过 1000 名符合条件的资深教员）获得提名。被提名者年龄在 53 至 78 岁之间，其中 30%为女性。被提名者代表了 4 所学校（医学、护理、药学和牙科学）和 22 个部门/科室。分析得出了 5 个主题。杰出导师：1）表现出令人钦佩的个人素质，包括热情、同情心和无私；2）充当职业导师，提供愿景，但有针对性地根据每位被指导者的情况提供支持；3）做出坚定的时间承诺，定期、频繁和高质量地开会；4）支持个人/职业平衡；5）通过树立榜样和制定设定全球期望和标准的指导政策，留下如何成为一名优秀导师的遗产。
这是第一项通过分析著名导师奖提名信来描述令人钦佩的导师素质的研究。我们的研究结果深入了解了导师如何在学术健康科学领域培养初级教员的职业发展。研究结果可以为学术领导者提供关于如何培训和评估导师的指导。
