Northwest Electromagnetics and Acoustics Research (NEAR) Lab, Portland State University PO Box 751 Portland, OR 97201-0751, USA.
Mar Environ Res. 2011 Jun;71(5):342-50. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.03.002. Epub 2011 Apr 7.
Concern about the impact of sound on marine mammals has increased over the last decade, causing governments to take a more rigorous look at the potential impact of activities that introduce sound into the ocean. Environmental Impact Statements (EIS's) can be prepared using differing analysis methods to estimate the impact on marine mammals. To assess consistency in assessment methods, differences in the base assumptions were investigated; in particular, differences that arise between assumptions of dynamic marine mammals (animat method) and static distributions of marine mammals (static distribution method). Using several ocean environment scenarios and species, it is demonstrated that differences consistently arise between the two methods. The static distribution method underestimates the number of behavioral harassments compared with the animat method. Repeating many simulations with the animat method provides a robust risk assessment, provides a measure of variability, and allows the probability of "spurious events" to be estimated.
在过去的十年中，人们对声音对海洋哺乳动物的影响越来越关注，这促使各国政府更加严格地审视那些将声音引入海洋的活动可能带来的影响。可以使用不同的分析方法来准备环境影响声明 (EIS)，以估计对海洋哺乳动物的影响。为了评估评估方法的一致性，研究了基本假设之间的差异；特别是在动态海洋哺乳动物的假设（动画方法）和海洋哺乳动物的静态分布（静态分布方法）之间出现的差异。使用几种海洋环境场景和物种，证明了这两种方法之间始终存在差异。与动画方法相比，静态分布方法低估了行为骚扰的数量。使用动画方法重复多次模拟可以提供稳健的风险评估、提供可变性的度量，并允许估计“虚假事件”的概率。
