Okazaki Ryo
Third Department of Medicine, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center.
Clin Calcium. 2011 May;21(5):669-75.
Deranged bone metabolism including osteoporosis is now clinically recognized as one of the diabetic complications. Diabetes could affect bone through multiple mechanisms, insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, atherosclerosis, etc. However, the exact mechanisms by which bone derangement is brought about in diabetes are yet unknown. In type 2 diabetes, fracture risk is increased despite high bone mineral density (BMD) through deteriorated "bone quality" , of which assessment is clinically difficult. Thus, it would be important for physicians to recognize diabetes as a fracture risk, and to assess each patient's fracture risk using available tools i.e. BMD, metabolic bone markers, etc. Intense treatment for osteoporosis is warranted in diabetics who have other established fracture risks such as those with prevalent fractures or postmenopausal state.
包括骨质疏松症在内的骨骼代谢紊乱如今在临床上被公认为糖尿病并发症之一。糖尿病可通过多种机制影响骨骼,如胰岛素缺乏、胰岛素抵抗、高血糖、动脉粥样硬化等。然而,糖尿病导致骨骼紊乱的确切机制尚不清楚。在2型糖尿病中,尽管骨矿物质密度(BMD)较高,但由于“骨质量”恶化,骨折风险仍会增加,而骨质量的评估在临床上具有难度。因此,对医生来说,认识到糖尿病是一种骨折风险,并使用现有工具(如BMD、代谢性骨标志物等)评估每位患者的骨折风险非常重要。对于有其他已确定骨折风险(如既往有骨折或处于绝经后状态)的糖尿病患者,有必要对骨质疏松症进行强化治疗。