Meinzer Marcus, Harnish Stacy, Conway Tim, Crosson Bruce
Department of Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin & Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charite, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Aphasiology. 2011;25(3):271-290. doi: 10.1080/02687038.2010.530672.
Functional and structural neuroimaging techniques can increase our knowledge about the neural processes underlying recovery from post-stroke language impairments (aphasia). AIMS: In the present review we highlight recent developments in neuroimaging research of aphasia recovery. MAIN CONTRIBUTION: We review (a) cross-sectional findings in aphasia with regard to local brain functions and functional connectivity, (b) structural and functional imaging findings using longitudinal (intervention) paradigms, (c) new adjunct treatments that are guided by functional imaging techniques (e.g., electrical brain stimulation) and (d) studies related to the prognosis of language recovery and treatment responsiveness after stroke. CONCLUSIONS: More recent developments in data acquisition and analysis foster better understanding and more realistic modelling of the neural substrates of language recovery after stroke. Moreover, the combination of different neuroimaging protocols can provide converging evidence for neuroplastic brain remodelling during spontaneous and treatment-induced recovery. Researchers are also beginning to use sophisticated imaging analyses to improve accuracy of prognosis, which may eventually improve patient care by allowing for more efficient treatment planning. Brain stimulation techniques offer a new and exciting way to improve the recovery potential after stroke.
功能和结构神经成像技术能够增进我们对中风后语言障碍（失语症）恢复所涉及神经过程的了解。
在本综述中，我们重点介绍失语症恢复神经成像研究的最新进展。
我们综述了（a）失语症在局部脑功能和功能连接方面的横断面研究结果，（b）使用纵向（干预）范式的结构和功能成像研究结果，（c）由功能成像技术指导的新辅助治疗方法（如脑电刺激），以及（d）与中风后语言恢复预后和治疗反应性相关的研究。
数据采集和分析方面的最新进展有助于更好地理解中风后语言恢复的神经基础，并进行更符合实际的建模。此外，不同神经成像方案的结合可为自发恢复和治疗诱导恢复过程中的神经可塑性脑重塑提供相互印证的证据。研究人员也开始使用复杂的成像分析来提高预后的准确性，这最终可能通过更高效的治疗规划改善患者护理。脑刺激技术为提高中风后的恢复潜力提供了一种全新且令人兴奋的方法。
