The University of Chicago, Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (MC-3077), 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2011;40(3):347-59. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2011.563461.
This study prospectively examined the role of attributional style and perceived parental support as intrapersonal and interpersonal risk and resilience factors to increases in depressive symptoms in the face of stress with a sample of 497 middle school students. Results demonstrated that boys with a pessimistic attributional style and low or moderate levels of parental support had higher levels of depressive symptoms than boys with high levels of support under high levels of stress but not under low levels of stress. Girls with a pessimistic attributional style and low or moderate levels of perceived parental support had higher levels of depressive symptoms than those with an optimistic attributional style, regardless of the level of stress. These results highlight the need to consider more complex models with multiple moderators, such as cognitive styles and parental support, as well as gender differences, in understanding the development of depressive symptoms in early adolescence.
本研究前瞻性地考察了归因风格和感知到的父母支持作为个体和人际风险和弹性因素，以应对压力下抑郁症状的增加，研究对象为 497 名中学生。结果表明，在高压力但不是低压力下，具有悲观归因风格和低或中等水平父母支持的男孩比具有高水平支持的男孩表现出更高水平的抑郁症状。具有悲观归因风格和低或中等水平感知到的父母支持的女孩比具有乐观归因风格的女孩表现出更高水平的抑郁症状，而不论压力水平如何。这些结果强调需要考虑更复杂的模型，包括多个调节因素，如认知风格和父母支持，以及性别差异，以理解青少年早期抑郁症状的发展。
