Elbekali A Y, Ramdani A, Tisserant B, Deweer C, Siah A, Reignault Ph, Halama P
INRA Meknes, BP 578, Meknes, Maroc.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2010;75(4):643-7.
Septoria tritici blotch caused by the heterothallic ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola is one of the most currently damaging diseases on wheat crops worldwide. So far, no information was reported about the status of sexual reproduction of this pathogen under Moroccan conditions. We investigated here for the first time the occurrence of the two mating types (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2) of M. graminicola in Morocco by sampling 141 single-conidial isolates from 4 important wheat producing regions (Gharb, Saïs, Chaouia and Tadla). The mating type of each isolate was determined by amplification with multiplex PCR of a partial sequence from the corresponding idiomorph. Overall, 43% out of the assessed isolates were MAT1-1 and 57 % were MAT1-2. Both mating types were identified within the 3 sampled regions Gharb, Saïs and Chaouia, but not in Tadla, where only MAT1-2 isolates were found. The presence of the two mating types highlighted here offers a suitable genetic condition for M. graminicola to occur sexual reproduction in Morocco. The potential of sexual recombination will be examined by the study of mating type frequencies using a large sample size as well as by searching and quantification of pseudothecia in the field.
由异宗配合子囊菌小麦壳针孢引起的小麦叶枯病是目前全球小麦作物上最具破坏性的病害之一。到目前为止，尚无关于该病原菌在摩洛哥条件下有性生殖状况的报道。我们首次通过从4个重要小麦产区（盖尔卜、赛伊斯、舒亚和塔德拉）采集141个单孢分离株，对摩洛哥小麦壳针孢的两种交配型（MAT1-1和MAT1-2）的发生情况进行了调查。通过对相应特异型的部分序列进行多重PCR扩增来确定每个分离株的交配型。总体而言，在所评估的分离株中，43%为MAT1-1，57%为MAT1-2。在盖尔卜、赛伊斯和舒亚这3个采样地区均鉴定出了两种交配型，但在塔德拉未鉴定出，在该地区仅发现了MAT1-2分离株。此处强调的两种交配型的存在为小麦壳针孢在摩洛哥进行有性生殖提供了适宜的遗传条件。将通过使用大样本量研究交配型频率以及在田间搜索和定量假囊壳来检验有性重组的潜力。
