Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Jul 1;174(1):35-43. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr051. Epub 2011 May 3.
The authors examined the association between dietary potassium, calcium, and magnesium intakes and the incidence of stroke among 34,670 women 49-83 years of age in the Swedish Mammography Cohort who completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1997. The authors used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. During a mean follow-up of 10.4 years (1998-2008), 1,680 stroke events were ascertained, including 1,310 cerebral infarctions, 154 intracerebral hemorrhages, 79 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 137 unspecified strokes. There was no overall association between potassium, calcium, or magnesium intake and the risk of any stroke or cerebral infarction. However, among women with a history of hypertension, potassium intake was inversely associated with risk of all types of stroke (for highest vs. lowest quintile, adjusted relative risk = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 0.92) and cerebral infarction (corresponding adjusted relative risk = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.84), and magnesium intake was inversely associated with risk of cerebral infarction (corresponding adjusted relative risk = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.93). Calcium intake was positively associated with risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (for highest vs. lowest tertile, adjusted relative risk = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.24, 3.35). These findings suggest that potassium and magnesium intakes are inversely associated with the risk of cerebral infarction among hypertensive women.
作者研究了 34670 名年龄在 49-83 岁的瑞典乳腺摄影队列女性中饮食钾、钙和镁摄入量与中风发病之间的关联，这些女性在 1997 年完成了食物频率问卷。作者使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型估计相对风险和 95%置信区间。在平均 10.4 年（1998-2008 年）的随访期间，确定了 1680 例中风事件，包括 1310 例脑梗死、154 例脑出血、79 例蛛网膜下腔出血和 137 例未指明的中风。钾、钙或镁的摄入量与任何中风或脑梗死的风险之间没有总体关联。然而，在有高血压病史的女性中，钾的摄入量与所有类型中风（最高与最低五分位数相比，调整后的相对风险=0.64，95%置信区间（CI）：0.45，0.92）和脑梗死（相应调整后的相对风险=0.56，95%CI：0.38，0.84）的风险呈负相关，镁的摄入量与脑梗死的风险呈负相关（相应调整后的相对风险=0.63，95%CI：0.42，0.93）。钙的摄入量与脑出血的风险呈正相关（最高与最低三分位数相比，调整后的相对风险=2.04，95%CI：1.24，3.35）。这些发现表明，钾和镁的摄入量与高血压女性脑梗死的风险呈负相关。
