Kadioğlu I, Karamanli N, Yanar Y
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2010;75(2):97-105.
This study was carried out to determine the fungal pathogens on Chenopodium album L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Convolvulus arvensis L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Delphinium consolida L., Portulaca oleracea L., Rumex crispus L., Solanum nigrum L., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. and Xanthium strumarium L. which were common weed species of agricultural areas. Surveys were conducted in May-June and August-September in 2004-2005 growing seasons. During the surveys density and frequency of the above mentioned weed species were also determined and number of infected plants was counted in each sampling area. Infected weed samples were collected from each sampling point and brought to the laboratory in polyethylene bags and the pathogens were identified at genus or species level. As a result of two year surveys, ten fungal pathogens were determined on eight weed species. The most important fungal pathogens determined on common weed species were as follow; Peronospora farinosa (Fr.) Fr. on C. album, and Septoria convolvuli DC., Erysiphe convolvuli DC., and Puccinia punctiformis (Strauss) Roehrl. on C. arvensis. These fungal diseases were observed mainly on the weeds located at the borders of fields. Infection rates of these pathogens reached up to 21.2% in some of the survey areas. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these pathogen under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
本研究旨在确定藜、田旋花、刺儿菜、狗牙根、飞燕草、马齿苋、皱叶酸模、龙葵、黑高粱和苍耳等农田常见杂草上的真菌病原体。在2004 - 2005年生长季节的5 - 6月和8 - 9月进行了调查。调查期间还测定了上述杂草种类的密度和频率，并统计了每个采样区域的染病植株数量。从每个采样点采集染病杂草样本，用聚乙烯袋带回实验室，在属或种水平上鉴定病原体。经过两年的调查，在8种杂草上确定了10种真菌病原体。在常见杂草上确定的最重要的真菌病原体如下：藜上的白粉霜霉，以及田旋花上的旋花白星尾孢、旋花白粉菌和点状柄锈菌。这些真菌病害主要在田边的杂草上观察到。在一些调查区域，这些病原体的感染率高达21.2%。应进一步开展研究，以评估这些病原体在体外和体内条件下的效力。
