PériTox-INERIS (EA4285-UMI01), Laboratory of Toxicology, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France.
Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Jun;33(3):329-35. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31821bb660.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. In view of concerns about underreporting, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-DNA adducts could be used to provide information about long-term in utero exposure to smoking but have not previously been used with samples from neonates. This study aimed to verify whether B[a]P-DNA adducts could accurately assess tobacco smoke exposure during fetal life. The objectives were to correlate B[a]P-DNA adduct levels with active maternal and passive smoking and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of smoking and nonsmoking status by comparing neonatal B[a]P-DNA adduct levels with those of maternal self-reports.
B[a]P-DNA adducts in neonatal buccal cell samples were determined by a competitive immunoassay. Three groups of neonates were constituted according to maternal self-reported smoking status during pregnancy: nonsmokers (n=25; control group), <10 cigarettes per day (n=18; S- group), or >10 cigarettes per day (n=21; S+ group).
The mean B[a]P-DNA adduct level rose significantly when comparing the controls with the S- and S+ groups. Maternal active smoking had the strongest effect on B[a]P-DNA adduct levels in neonates. A cross analysis between B[a]P-DNA adduct levels and maternal self-reported levels revealed high sensitivity and specificity.
This preliminary study suggests that B[a]P-DNA adducts are reliable biomarkers for the screening of long-term in utero exposure to smoking and are accurate when compared with maternal self-reported levels of active smoking. Detection of B[a]P-DNA adducts in neonates could provide a useful, noninvasive tool in clinical risk assessment studies but would benefit from further confirmation with another validated biomarker.
孕妇吸烟与围产期不良结局有关。鉴于对漏报的担忧，苯并[a]芘（B[a]P）-DNA 加合物可用于提供有关胎儿期长期暴露于吸烟的信息，但以前尚未用于新生儿样本。本研究旨在验证 B[a]P-DNA 加合物是否能准确评估胎儿期的吸烟暴露情况。目的是将 B[a]P-DNA 加合物水平与母亲主动吸烟和被动吸烟相关联，并通过比较新生儿 B[a]P-DNA 加合物水平与母亲自我报告的吸烟状况，确定吸烟和非吸烟状况的敏感性和特异性。
通过竞争性免疫测定法测定新生儿口腔细胞样本中的 B[a]P-DNA 加合物。根据母亲在怀孕期间自我报告的吸烟状况，将三组新生儿组成：不吸烟者（n=25；对照组）、每天吸烟<10 支（n=18；S-组）或每天吸烟>10 支（n=21；S+组）。
当将对照组与 S-组和 S+组进行比较时，B[a]P-DNA 加合物的平均水平显著升高。母亲主动吸烟对新生儿 B[a]P-DNA 加合物水平的影响最大。B[a]P-DNA 加合物水平与母亲自我报告的吸烟水平之间的交叉分析显示出高敏感性和特异性。
这项初步研究表明，B[a]P-DNA 加合物是筛查长期宫内吸烟暴露的可靠生物标志物，与母亲主动吸烟的自我报告水平相比具有准确性。在新生儿中检测 B[a]P-DNA 加合物可能为临床风险评估研究提供有用的非侵入性工具，但需要进一步通过另一种经过验证的生物标志物进行确认。
