Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Sep;91(12):2277-83. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4453. Epub 2011 May 5.
Pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L., is the most destructive insect pest of pulses under storage in Asia and Africa. Keeping in view the negative impacts of synthetic insecticides and the demands of botanical pesticides, the present investigation explores the repellents, antifeedants, ovicidal, larvicidal and pupaecidal activity of two plant essential oils (EOs) and their major components, geranial and 1,8-cineole, when applied as fumigants for the management of the pulse beetle.
EO of Callistemon lanceolatus (Sm.) Sweet caused 100% repellency of pulse beetle in a Y-shaped olfactometer at a dose of 150 µL, while Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown EO and 1,8-cineole showed 76 and 74.7% repellency at the same dose. At 0.1 µL mL(-1) , both the oils and 1,8-cineole provided 100% insect mortality. The EO of C. lanceolatus was recorded as the most effective fumigant, showing 96.03% oviposition deterrency and 100% antifeedant activity at 0.1 µL mL(-1) . The LD(50) of L. alba (11049.2 µL kg(-1) ) and C. lanceolatus (14 626.3 µL kg(-1) ) exhibited their favourable safety profiles when recorded on mice.
EOs of L. alba and C. lanceolatus exhibited significant biological activity on the mortality and reproductive behaviour of pulse beetle. Based on their high LD(50) values, the oils could be safely recommended as non-mammalian toxic fumigants in management strategies for pulse beetle.
绿豆象（Callosobruchus chinensis L.）是亚洲和非洲储存豆类中最具破坏性的昆虫害虫。鉴于合成杀虫剂的负面影响和植物性杀虫剂的需求，本研究探索了两种植物精油（EOs）及其主要成分香叶醛和 1,8-桉叶油醇作为熏蒸剂防治绿豆象的驱避、拒食、杀卵、杀幼虫和杀蛹活性。
在 Y 型嗅觉计中，150 µL 剂量的秀丽野牡丹（Callistemon lanceolatus（Sm.）Sweet）EO 引起绿豆象 100%的驱避作用，而柠檬桉（Lippia alba（Mill.）N.E. Brown）EO 和 1,8-桉叶油醇在相同剂量下显示 76%和 74.7%的驱避作用。在 0.1 µL mL(-1)，两种油和 1,8-桉叶油醇均提供 100%的昆虫死亡率。C. lanceolatus 的 EO 被记录为最有效的熏蒸剂，在 0.1 µL mL(-1)时显示出 96.03%的产卵抑制作用和 100%的拒食活性。在记录在小白鼠上的 LD(50)中，柠檬桉（11049.2 µL kg(-1)）和秀丽野牡丹（14626.3 µL kg(-1)）的 LD(50)表现出它们有利的安全性。
柠檬桉和秀丽野牡丹的 EOs 对绿豆象的死亡率和生殖行为表现出显著的生物活性。基于它们的高 LD(50)值，这些油可以安全地推荐作为非哺乳动物毒性熏蒸剂，用于绿豆象的管理策略。
