Benninger Brion, Lee Byung-Il
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Mar;70(3):557-61. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.02.047. Epub 2011 May 6.
The objective of the present study was to examine and clinically relate the morphology of the anterior distal temporalis tendon attachment and describe its osseous nomenclature. The temporalis tendon muscle is arguably 1 of the 2 most important muscles of mastication.
Contemporary anatomy texts and atlases regarding the anterior distal temporalis tendon attachment demonstrate a coronoid process attachment and/or an extension inferiorly along the anterior border of the ramus, and its representation is often unclear and inconsistent. The osseous nomenclature of the retromolar triangle or fossa where the anterior distal temporalis tendon attaches is even less clear in most texts and atlases. We conducted a literature review and dissected 30 embalmed human cadavers to examine the morphology of the anterior distal temporalis tendon, including an analysis of commonly used anatomic texts and atlases.
Only 2 of 24 texts described or illustrated a retromolar triangle area (although not labeled) for anterior distal temporalis tendon insertion. Including the variations, we observed that the distal insertion continues downward onto the retromolar triangle, posterior to the mandibular third molar. The dissection results revealed that the anterior distal temporalis tendon consistently attached onto the medial and lateral borders of the retromolar triangle or fossa. Clinically, the anterior distal temporalis tendon is a landmark for manual temporomandibular junction reduction and identifying the long buccal nerve.
The results of the present study suggest the anterior distal temporalis tendon attachment could be further depicted and that the nomenclature of the retromolar triangle and fossa should be consistently included because of their clinical relevance.
本研究的目的是检查颞肌前远端肌腱附着处的形态，并将其与临床相关联，同时描述其骨性命名法。颞肌腱肌可以说是咀嚼的2块最重要肌肉之一。
关于颞肌前远端肌腱附着处的当代解剖学文本和图谱显示，其附着于冠状突，和/或沿下颌支前缘向下延伸，但其呈现往往不清晰且不一致。在大多数文本和图谱中，颞肌前远端肌腱附着处的磨牙后三角或窝的骨性命名法甚至更不明确。我们进行了文献综述，并解剖了30具防腐处理的人体尸体，以检查颞肌前远端肌腱的形态，包括对常用解剖学文本和图谱的分析。
24篇文本中只有2篇描述或说明了颞肌前远端肌腱插入的磨牙后三角区域（尽管未标注）。包括各种变异情况，我们观察到远端附着向下延续至磨牙后三角，位于下颌第三磨牙后方。解剖结果显示，颞肌前远端肌腱始终附着于磨牙后三角或窝的内侧和外侧边界。在临床上，颞肌前远端肌腱是手动复位颞下颌关节和识别颊长神经的一个标志。
本研究结果表明，颞肌前远端肌腱附着处可以进一步描绘出来，并且由于磨牙后三角和窝的临床相关性，应始终包含其命名法。
