Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6700 EE, Netherlands.
Science. 2011 May 27;332(6033):1097-100. doi: 10.1126/science.1203980. Epub 2011 May 5.
Disease-suppressive soils are exceptional ecosystems in which crop plants suffer less from specific soil-borne pathogens than expected owing to the activities of other soil microorganisms. For most disease-suppressive soils, the microbes and mechanisms involved in pathogen control are unknown. By coupling PhyloChip-based metagenomics of the rhizosphere microbiome with culture-dependent functional analyses, we identified key bacterial taxa and genes involved in suppression of a fungal root pathogen. More than 33,000 bacterial and archaeal species were detected, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria consistently associated with disease suppression. Members of the γ-Proteobacteria were shown to have disease-suppressive activity governed by nonribosomal peptide synthetases. Our data indicate that upon attack by a fungal root pathogen, plants can exploit microbial consortia from soil for protection against infections.
抑病土壤是一种特殊的生态系统，在这种生态系统中，由于其他土壤微生物的活动，作物植物受到特定土壤传播病原体的侵害要比预期的少。对于大多数抑病土壤，控制病原体的微生物和机制尚不清楚。通过将根际微生物组的 PhyloChip 基于宏基因组学与依赖培养的功能分析相结合，我们确定了参与抑制真菌根病原体的关键细菌分类群和基因。检测到超过 33000 种细菌和古细菌，与疾病抑制一致的是变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门。γ-变形菌被证明具有受非核糖体肽合成酶控制的疾病抑制活性。我们的数据表明，当植物受到真菌根病原体的攻击时，它们可以利用土壤中的微生物群落来防止感染。
