Family Medicine Center, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2011 May-Jun;24(3):296-303. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2011.03.110009.
To determine if genitourinary problems are more common in women in the first 1 to 2 months after a routine pelvic examination.
This was a historical cohort study in 2 family medicine teaching clinics at an urban university. Participants included all women who received a Papanicolaou smear during calendar year 2006. Subjects included all participants for weeks 1 to 7 after their Papanicolaou smear. Controls were all participants in weeks 8 to 52 after their Papanicolaou smear. The independent variable was time after Papanicolaou smear, and dependent variables included frequency of visits for urinary complaints, diagnosed urinary tract infections (UTIs), vaginal complaints, diagnosed vaginitis, and sexually transmitted diseases. Relative frequencies compared using 2-tailed t tests.
UTIs and urinary complaints were significantly more frequent during the first 7 weeks after a Papanicolaou smear compared with weeks 8 to 14, 8 to 48, and 8 to 52. The overall rate of UTIs was 7.33 per 100 person-years; the attributable risk during the first 7 weeks was 0.82 per 100 person-years, or 11% of observed UTIs. Combined Candidal and bacterial vaginitis was marginally more frequent during the first 7 weeks compared with weeks 8 to 48 and 8 to 52 only. The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases combined was 1.13 per 100 person-years, distributed evenly over the study period unrelated to time.
The risk of UTI is increased in the 7 weeks after a Papanicolaou smear.
确定常规盆腔检查后 1 至 2 个月内女性是否更易出现泌尿生殖系统问题。
这是在一所城市大学的 2 家家庭医学教学诊所进行的历史性队列研究。参与者包括所有在 2006 年进行巴氏涂片检查的女性。研究对象包括巴氏涂片检查后第 1 周至第 7 周的所有参与者。对照组为巴氏涂片检查后第 8 周至第 52 周的所有参与者。独立变量为巴氏涂片检查后时间，因变量包括因泌尿问题就诊的频率、诊断为尿路感染 (UTI)、阴道问题、诊断为阴道炎和性传播疾病的情况。采用双侧 t 检验比较相对频率。
与巴氏涂片检查后第 8 周至 14 周、8 周至 48 周和 8 周至 52 周相比，巴氏涂片检查后第 1 至 7 周 UTI 和泌尿问题的就诊频率显著更高。总的 UTI 发生率为每 100 人年 7.33 例；第 1 至 7 周归因风险为每 100 人年 0.82 例，占观察到的 UTI 的 11%。仅在第 1 至 7 周，念珠菌和细菌性阴道炎的合并发病率明显高于第 8 周至 48 周和第 8 周至 52 周。性传播疾病的总发病率为每 100 人年 1.13 例，在整个研究期间均匀分布，与时间无关。
巴氏涂片检查后 7 周内 UTI 的风险增加。
