Tamanaha Ana Carina, Perissinoto Jacy
Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
J Soc Bras Fonoaudiol. 2011 Mar;23(1):8-12. doi: 10.1590/s2179-64912011000100005.
To analyze and compare the extension and the speed of the evolutional process of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in direct and indirect interventions as opposed to only indirect intervention.
The design of this study is a clinical trial. The sample was composed of 11 children diagnosed with Autism (n=6) and Asperger syndrome (n=5) by a multidisciplinary team, that attended specialized speech-language pathology therapy at the institution were the study was carried out. These children were randomly divided into two groups: Therapy Group (TG) - composed by six subjects receiving both direct and indirect intervention; and Orientation Group (OG) - constituted by five subjects receiving exclusively indirect intervention. It was used the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) to interview the mothers, and the Sample of Vocal Behavior (SVB), in three occasions: at the beginning of the intervention process (time 0), six months later (time 1) and 12 months later (time 2).
It was observed greater speed and extension in the evolutional process of the TG Group, both in the analysis of the Autism Behavior Checklist (total and partial scores) and the Sample of Vocal Behavior, especially in the item Full Language. The performance of children with Asperger syndrome was considered more positive when compared to that of children with autism. There was greater evolution in younger children and with normal, mild, and moderate adaptive functioning.
The tendency towards better performance of the children attending direct and indirect intervention showed that this association is fundamental in the therapeutic process of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
分析和比较自闭症谱系障碍儿童在直接和间接干预与仅间接干预情况下进化过程的进展程度和速度。
本研究设计为一项临床试验。样本由11名儿童组成，他们由一个多学科团队诊断为自闭症（n = 6）和阿斯伯格综合征（n = 5），这些儿童在开展该研究的机构接受专门的言语病理学治疗。这些儿童被随机分为两组：治疗组（TG）——由6名接受直接和间接干预的受试者组成；指导组（OG）——由5名仅接受间接干预的受试者组成。使用自闭症行为检查表（ABC）对母亲进行访谈，并使用发声行为样本（SVB），分三次进行：在干预过程开始时（时间0）、六个月后（时间1）和十二个月后（时间2）。
在自闭症行为检查表（总分和部分得分）和发声行为样本的分析中，尤其是在“全语言”项目中，观察到TG组在进化过程中的速度更快、进展程度更大。与自闭症儿童相比，阿斯伯格综合征儿童的表现被认为更积极。年龄较小且适应功能正常、轻度和中度的儿童有更大的进步。
接受直接和间接干预的儿童表现出更好表现的趋势表明，这种联合干预在自闭症谱系障碍儿童的治疗过程中至关重要。
