Ziatas Kathryn, Durkin Kevin, Pratt Chris
Department of Psychology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley.
Dev Psychopathol. 2003 Winter;15(1):73-94. doi: 10.1017/s0954579403000051.
The assertive speech acts of children with autism (n = 12) and Asperger syndrome (n = 12), individually matched to children with specific language impairment (SLI; n = 24) and children with normal development (n = 24) were studied in the context of gently structured conversation. These children also completed the false belief test of theory of mind. The children with autism used significantly lower proportions of assertions involving explanations and descriptions than the children with SLI or normal development and significantly lower proportions of assertions involving internal state and explanations than the children with Asperger syndrome. The children with autism used a higher proportion of assertions involving identifications than any other group. The assertions of the children with Asperger syndrome were generally not different than those of the children with SLI or normal development except for a higher proportion of assertions involving own internal state. Further analysis of the mental assertions revealed that the children with autism and Asperger syndrome predominantly referred to desire and made few references to thought and belief, whereas the children with SLI and those with normal development used a higher proportion of references to thought and belief.
在温和结构化对话的情境中，研究了自闭症儿童（n = 12）和阿斯伯格综合征儿童（n = 12）的肯定性言语行为，这些儿童与特定语言障碍（SLI；n = 24）儿童和正常发育儿童（n = 24）进行了个体匹配。这些儿童还完成了心理理论的错误信念测试。与SLI儿童或正常发育儿童相比，自闭症儿童使用涉及解释和描述的肯定性言语行为的比例显著更低，与阿斯伯格综合征儿童相比，涉及内心状态和解释的肯定性言语行为的比例显著更低。自闭症儿童使用涉及识别的肯定性言语行为的比例高于其他任何组。阿斯伯格综合征儿童的肯定性言语行为通常与SLI儿童或正常发育儿童的没有差异，只是涉及自身内心状态的肯定性言语行为比例更高。对心理肯定性言语行为的进一步分析表明，自闭症儿童和阿斯伯格综合征儿童主要提及愿望，很少提及思维和信念，而SLI儿童和正常发育儿童提及思维和信念的比例更高。
