Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde e de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2011 May-Jun;44(3):269-73. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822011005000028. Epub 2011 May 6.
Positive serological tests for hepatitis viruses B and C at blood banks are an important reason for blood deferral. Additionally, high residual risk for transfusing hepatitis-contaminated blood has been estimated in southern Brazil. This study aimed to identify risk factors for positive serological tests for viral hepatitis (VH) in blood donors (BD).
A case-control study included consecutive BD with positive serology for VH, between 2008 and 2009. Cases and controls (BD with negative serology for VH) were paired 1:1 by sex and donation date. Assessment of clinical and epidemiological characteristics related to viral hepatitis was conducted.
Among 1,282 blood donors (641 cases and 641 controls), those with positive serology for viral hepatitis had higher mean age (p<0.001); higher proportion of replacement donation (p<0.001); first donation (p<0.001); and interviewer deferment (p=0.037), compared to controls. Furthermore, donors with positive tests were less regular donors (p<0.001), had less previous history of rejection (p=0.003) and showed lower hematocrit median before donation (p=0.019). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age (OR=1.056, 95%CI 1.042-1.069, p<0.001), replacement donation (OR=1.545, 95%CI 1.171-2.038, p=0.002) and first donation (OR=9.931, 95%CI 7.486-13.173, p<0.001) were independently associated with positivity of serological tests for viral hepatitis.
Specific characteristics of blood donors were associated with positive serology for viral hepatitis. These peculiarities should be taken into account when assessing candidates for blood donation.
血库中乙型和丙型肝炎病毒的阳性血清学检测是血液延期使用的一个重要原因。此外，据估计，在巴西南部，经输血感染肝炎的残留风险仍然很高。本研究旨在确定献血者（BD）中病毒性肝炎（VH）阳性血清学检测的危险因素。
本病例对照研究纳入了 2008 年至 2009 年间连续进行 VH 血清学阳性检测的 BD。病例和对照组（VH 血清学阴性的 BD）按性别和献血日期 1:1 配对。对与病毒性肝炎相关的临床和流行病学特征进行评估。
在 1282 名献血者（641 例病例和 641 例对照）中，VH 血清学阳性者的平均年龄较高（p<0.001）；替代献血者比例较高（p<0.001）；首次献血（p<0.001）；和访谈员延期（p=0.037），与对照组相比。此外，阳性检测的献血者较少为定期献血者（p<0.001），既往拒绝献血的次数较少（p=0.003），献血前的平均红细胞压积较低（p=0.019）。多变量分析表明，年龄（OR=1.056，95%CI 1.042-1.069，p<0.001）、替代献血（OR=1.545，95%CI 1.171-2.038，p=0.002）和首次献血（OR=9.931，95%CI 7.486-13.173，p<0.001）与 VH 血清学检测阳性独立相关。
献血者的特定特征与 VH 血清学阳性相关。在评估献血者时，应考虑这些特点。
