Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2011 May;120(2):259-71. doi: 10.1037/a0022796.
The current study examined vulnerability to depression during the transition from early to middle adolescence from the perspective of the response styles theory. During an initial assessment, 382 adolescents (ages 11-15 years) completed self-report measures assessing rumination and depressive symptoms as well as a semistructured clinical interview assessing current and past major depressive episodes. Every 3 months for the subsequent 2 years, adolescents completed self-report measures assessing depressive symptoms and negative events. Every 6 months, adolescents completed a semistructured clinical interview assessing the onset of new major depressive episodes. Higher levels of rumination were associated with a greater likelihood of exhibiting a past history of major depressive episodes, a greater likelihood of experiencing the onset of a future major depressive episode, and greater duration of future depressive episodes. Consistent with a vulnerability-stress perspective, rumination moderated the association between the occurrence of negative events and the development of future depressive symptoms and major depressive episodes.
本研究从反应风格理论的角度考察了从中年早期到中年早期的青少年抑郁易感性。在最初的评估中，382 名青少年（年龄 11-15 岁）完成了自我报告的测量，评估了沉思和抑郁症状，以及半结构化的临床访谈，评估了当前和过去的重度抑郁发作。在随后的 2 年中，每 3 个月，青少年完成自我报告的测量，评估抑郁症状和负面事件。每 6 个月，青少年完成半结构化的临床访谈，评估新的重度抑郁发作的发作情况。更高的沉思水平与过去有重度抑郁发作史的可能性更大、未来有重度抑郁发作的可能性更大以及未来抑郁发作的持续时间更长有关。与脆弱性-应激观点一致，沉思调节了负面事件的发生与未来抑郁症状和重度抑郁发作发展之间的关联。
