National Research Institute for Child and Family Studies, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2011 Dec;25(4):625-33. doi: 10.1037/a0023320. Epub 2011 May 9.
This paper examines whether there is cross-national similarity in the longitudinal relationship between early age alcohol use and adolescent alcohol problems. Potential mechanisms underlying this relationship also are examined, testing adolescent alcohol use, low self-regulation, and peer deviance as possible mediators. Students (N = 1,945) participating in the International Youth Development Study, a longitudinal panel survey study, responded to questions on alcohol use and influencing factors, and were followed annually over a 3-year period from 2002 to 2004 (98% retention rate). State-representative, community student samples were recruited in grade 7 in Washington State, United States (US, n = 961, 78% of those eligible; Mage = 13.09, SD = .44) and Victoria, Australia (n = 984, 76% of those eligible; Mage = 12.93, SD = .41). Analyses were conducted using multiple-group structural equation modeling. In both states, early age alcohol use (age 13) had a small but statistically significant association with subsequent alcohol problems (age 15). Overall, there was little evidence for mediation of early alcohol effects. Low self-regulation prospectively predicted peer deviance, alcohol use, and alcohol problems in both states. Peer deviance was more positively related to alcohol use and low self-regulation among students in Victoria compared to students in Washington State. The small but persistent association of early age alcohol use with alcohol problems across both samples is consistent with efforts to delay alcohol initiation to help prevent problematic alcohol use. Self-regulation was an important influence, supporting the need to further investigate the developmental contribution of neurobehavioral disinhibition.
本文探讨了青少年早期饮酒与青少年期酒精问题之间的纵向关系是否存在跨国相似性。还检验了这种关系背后的潜在机制，测试了青少年饮酒、自我调节能力低和同伴偏差行为作为可能的中介因素。参与国际青年发展研究的学生（N=1945）是一项纵向面板调查研究，他们对饮酒和影响因素的问题作出回应，并在 2002 年至 2004 年期间的 3 年期间每年接受跟踪调查（保留率为 98%）。在华盛顿州（美国，n=961，符合条件的人数的 78%；Mage=13.09，SD=.44）和澳大利亚维多利亚州（n=984，符合条件的人数的 76%；Mage=12.93，SD=.41），从 7 年级开始，从代表性的社区学生样本中招募。使用多组结构方程模型进行分析。在两个州，青少年早期饮酒（13 岁）与随后的酒精问题（15 岁）有较小但具有统计学意义的关联。总体而言，早期饮酒的影响很少有中介作用的证据。低自我调节能力在两个州都前瞻性地预测了同伴偏差、饮酒和饮酒问题。与华盛顿州的学生相比，维多利亚州的学生中，同伴偏差与饮酒和低自我调节能力的关系更为正相关。在两个样本中，青少年早期饮酒与酒精问题之间的这种小但持续的关联，与努力推迟饮酒开始以帮助预防问题性饮酒的做法是一致的。自我调节是一个重要的影响因素，这支持了进一步研究神经行为抑制的发展贡献的必要性。
