EAWAG, Aquatic Ecology Department, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry, Kastanienbaum 6047, Switzerland.
Ecol Lett. 2011 Jul;14(7):690-701. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01627.x. Epub 2011 May 9.
At present, the disciplines of evolutionary biology and ecosystem science are weakly integrated. As a result, we have a poor understanding of how the ecological and evolutionary processes that create, maintain, and change biological diversity affect the flux of energy and materials in global biogeochemical cycles. The goal of this article was to review several research fields at the interfaces between ecosystem science, community ecology and evolutionary biology, and suggest new ways to integrate evolutionary biology and ecosystem science. In particular, we focus on how phenotypic evolution by natural selection can influence ecosystem functions by affecting processes at the environmental, population and community scale of ecosystem organization. We develop an eco-evolutionary model to illustrate linkages between evolutionary change (e.g. phenotypic evolution of producer), ecological interactions (e.g. consumer grazing) and ecosystem processes (e.g. nutrient cycling). We conclude by proposing experiments to test the ecosystem consequences of evolutionary changes.
目前，进化生物学和生态系统科学这两个学科领域的联系还不够紧密。因此，我们对于那些能够创造、维持和改变生物多样性的生态和进化过程是如何影响全球生物地球化学循环中的能量和物质流动的，理解得还不够深入。本文的目的是综述生态系统科学、群落生态学和进化生物学之间的几个交叉研究领域，并提出将进化生物学和生态系统科学联系起来的新方法。具体来说，我们关注的是自然选择引起的表型进化如何通过影响生态系统组织的环境、种群和群落尺度的过程来影响生态系统功能。我们开发了一个生态进化模型，来说明进化变化（例如生产者的表型进化）、生态相互作用（例如消费者的放牧）和生态系统过程（例如养分循环）之间的联系。最后，我们提出了一些实验方案来检验进化变化对生态系统的影响。
