'Membrane Traffic in Neuronal & Epithelial Morphogenesis', INSERM ERL U950, Paris, France.
FEBS J. 2011 Dec;278(23):4497-505. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08168.x. Epub 2011 May 31.
Cell navigation is the process whereby cells or cytoplasmic extensions are guided from one point to another in multicellular organisms or, in the case of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, in the environment. Recent work has demonstrated that membrane trafficking plays an important role in this process. Here, we review the role of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion attachment protein (SNAP) receptors (SNAREs), which constitute the core machinery for membrane fusion and are essential for intracellular vesicular trafficking. We discuss the important functions of several vesicular- and target-SNAREs, in particular vesicular-associated membrane proteins 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7; vti1a/b; SNAP23 and SNAP25; and syntaxins 1, 3, 6 and 13. We conclude that endosomal SNAREs are important for cell navigation, a concept that opens avenues for fundamental research. There are also possible therapeutic applications because some of these SNAREs are the targets of clostridial neurotoxins.
细胞导航是指在多细胞生物中，细胞或细胞质延伸从一个点引导到另一个点的过程，或者在单细胞真核生物中，在环境中引导的过程。最近的研究表明，膜运输在这个过程中起着重要作用。在这里，我们回顾了可溶性 N-乙基马来酰亚胺敏感融合蛋白（SNAP）受体（SNAREs）的作用，SNAREs 构成了膜融合的核心机制，是细胞内囊泡运输所必需的。我们讨论了几个囊泡和靶 SNAREs 的重要功能，特别是囊泡相关膜蛋白 1、2、3、4 和 7；vti1a/b；SNAP23 和 SNAP25；以及 syntaxin 1、3、6 和 13。我们得出结论，内体 SNAREs 对细胞导航很重要，这一概念为基础研究开辟了道路。也可能有治疗应用，因为其中一些 SNAREs 是梭状芽胞杆菌神经毒素的靶点。
